Monday, May 25, 2020

It Might Have Been Otherwise Analysis Of Otherwise by...

It Might Have Been Otherwise: Analysis of â€Å"Otherwise† by Jane Kenyon Jane Kenyon, the author of â€Å"Otherwise†, once said, â€Å"The poets job is to put into words those feelings we all have that are so deep, so important, and yet so difficult to name, to tell the truth in such a beautiful way, that people cannot live without it.† Jane died a few years later after writing this poem, and it was published after her death. â€Å"Otherwise† is a meaningful poem that describes the tender truth about death in a definite but beautiful way; it also emphasizes the pleasant normalcy in life, and how everything will change. This poem is basically about being thankful for having the simple cherished things in life, and how it could be different. It is in two†¦show more content†¦These lines are used to show how grateful she is to be with her mate, and eat with specific, silver candles: At noon I lay down with my mate. It might have been otherwise. We ate dinner together at a table with silver candlesticks. (13-18) She uses the line â€Å"It might/ have been otherwise† (14-15) again after each of those lines to indicate how those simple, ordinary things should not be taken for granted. Jane makes this line seem like a dream come true: â€Å"I slept in a bed/in a room with paintings/on the walls†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (20-22).To most people, the sentence seems simple, but to Jane, the paintings are symbolic of life, of being alive. The last lines imply that one day the speaker will not wake up, eat a flawless peach, walk her dog, have dinner with candlesticks, or sleep in a room with paintings because she knows one day everything will change: â€Å"But one day, I know/ it will be otherwise† (25-26) . Some other literary devices used in the poem are: repetition, imagery, and alliteration. For repetition the line: â€Å"It might have been otherwise† is used throughout the poem repeatedly to exaggerate the fact that anything could have happened. That line gives the poem a solemn, but still pleasant mood. Imagery is used in these lines: â€Å"I ate/ cereal, sweet/milk, ripe, flawless/peach† (4-7). Jane uses those lines to describe everyday foods as if they were something special. Alliteration is used in this line: â€Å"†¦my mate. It/ might...† (14). The â€Å"m†Show MoreRelatedStructuralism and Interpretation Ernest Hemingways Cat in Ther Ain9284 Words   |  38 PagesPorter Institute for Poetics and Semiotics Analysis and Interpretation of the Realist Text: A Pluralistic Approach to Ernest Hemingways Cat in the Rain Author(s): David Lodge Source: Poetics Today, Vol. 1, No. 4, Narratology II: The Fictional Text and the Reader (Summer, 1980), pp. 5-22 Published by: Duke University Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1771885 . Accessed: 14/03/2011 05:14 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTORs Terms and Conditions of Use,Read MoreCase Study148348 Words   |  594 PagesWorld Wide Web at: www.pearsoned.co.uk ---------------------------------This edition published 2011  © Pearson Education Limited 2011 The rights of Gerry Johnson, Richard Whittington and Kevan Scholes to be identified as the authors of this work have been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Pearson Education is not responsible for the content of third party internet sites. ISBN: 978-0-273-73557-1 (printed) ISBN: 978-0-273-73552-6 (web) All rights reservedRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pages CASE STUDIES ECS8C_C01.qxd 22/10/2007 11:54 Page 598 ECS8C_C01.qxd 22/10/2007 11:54 Page 599 Guide to using the case studies The main text of this book includes 87 short illustrations and 15 case examples which have been chosen to enlarge speciï ¬ c issues in the text and/or provide practical examples of how business and public sector organisations are managing strategic issues. The case studies which follow allow the reader to extend this linking of theory and practiceRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesLeadership Chapter 2 Organization Strategy and Project Selection 1.4 Projects and programs (.2) 1.4.1 Managing the portfolio 1.4.3 Strategy and projects 2.3 Stakeholders and review boards 12.1 RFP’s and vendor selection (.3.4.5) 11.2.2.6 SWAT analysis 6.5.2.7 Schedule compression 9.4.2.5 Leadership skills G.1 Project leadership 10.1 Stakeholder management Chapter 11 Teams Chapter 3 Organization: Structure and Culture 2.4.1 Organization cultures [G.7] 2.4.2 Organization structure

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

Business Plan and Loan Package - 1412 Words

Running head: TOOTSIE ROLL INDUSTRIES, INC. LOAN PACKAGE Tootsie Roll Industries, Inc. Loan Package ACC561 22 September 2011 Introduction Now that the small business idea has become more that just fine print, it is time to put together a loan package that explains the story of the company. There are important questions to answer, demonstrating the company’s ability to correctly make important financial decisions, and detail how the business will pay off the loan. This paper will include the requirements of a loan package, creditor requirements, a ratio analysis, loan justification, and how the company plans to use the proceeds. Tootsie Roll Industries, Incorporated Loan Package Loan Package Requirements Like†¦show more content†¦needs a loan to supplement operational expenses and decrease the negative impact market risk factors may have on sales volume. In 2007, the product cost of goods sold increased from costs incurred 2006 as a result of significant increases in prices of many commodities purchased by Tootsie Roll. These commodities consist of some of the major ingredients used in Tootsie Rolls and other products, such as corn syrup, dextrose, milk products, vegetable oils, sugar, and gum base ingredients (Tootsie Roll Industries, 2011). As a percentage of net sales, product cost of goods sold increased from 62.8% in 2006 to 66.5% in 2007 (Kimmel, Weygandt, amp; Kieso, 2009). Light freight and delivery costs increased as a result of increases in energy costs, such as oil used for fuel. Exchange of foreign currency on products manufactured in Canada has generated an adverse effect as well, even though sales growth has increased. Tootsie Roll Industries, Inc. has made efforts to offset the increases in costs of commodities through selective price increases and reducing costs where possible (Kimmel, Weygandt, amp; Kieso, 2009). However, the company has not been able to recover all of the costs associated with the increases in commodities. The company does not want to risk product priceShow MoreRelatedTootsie Roll Paper706 Words   |  3 PagesRunning head: TOOTSIE ROLL INDUSTRIES INC. LOAN PACKAGE    1 Tootsie Roll Industries Inc. Loan Package TOOTSIE ROLL INDUSTRIES INC. LOAN PACKAGE Tootsie Roll Industries Inc. Loan Package The financial statement of Tootsie Roll Industries provides insightful details into the 2 financial activities of the decades old organization. A financial statement is the â€Å"summary report that shows how a firm has used the funds entrusted to it by its stockholders and lenders, and what is itsRead MoreAcc/561 Wk3 Tootsie Roll Industries Inc. Loan Package1239 Words   |  5 PagesTootsie Roll Industries Inc. Loan Package ACC/561 - Accounting August 15, 2011 Tootsie Roll Industries Inc. Loan Package Since the company’s establishment in 1896, Tootsie Roll Industries Inc. has expanded to become one of the biggest candy companies in the United States. Tootsie Roll Industries Inc. is one of America’s most recognized candy companies through manufacturing and selling some of the most popular candies in the world. The company has an extensive amount of products sold inRead MoreTootsie Roll Industries Loan Package1614 Words   |  7 PagesTootsie Roll Industries Loan Package Tootsie Roll Industries is one of America’s most recognized confectionary companies and has been in business for more than 111 years, manufacturing and selling some of the most popular candies in the world. Tootsie Roll wants to secure a loan that will help increase the company’s total liabilities by 10% in the tune of $2.5 million. This loan package is attached to an updated business plan that provides the lender with the company’s history, a vision statementRead MoreTootsie Roll Loan1548 Words   |  7 PagesTootsie Roll Industries Inc. Loan Package University of Phoenix Tootsie Roll Industries Inc. Loan Package Tootsie Roll Industry Inc. will be preparing a loan package to maintain ultimate company performance, maximize the company’s profits, and increase the shareholder’s value. Tootsie Roll Industry Inc. will be applying for a loan that will increase the company’s total liability by $17,449.50. A perfect loan package includes a concise executiveRead MoreGuillermo Furniture Store Analysis1305 Words   |  6 PagesRoll Industries, Inc.: Loan Package Tootsie Roll Industries, Inc.: Loan Package Tootsie Roll Industries is applying for a loan package that will help them achieve superior things. There are many opportunities that can be accomplished by allocating money to different areas. The different areas include healthier ingredients, expansion, and advertising. These areas will increase the production and success of the Tootsie Roll Industries, Inc. Within this loan package, there are many excitingRead MoreMarketing Plan For A Business Plan1268 Words   |  6 Pageslocation. ï‚ · Credit history of the company is solid, with no loan or bill default having occurred. ï‚ · Management has an established tracking of customer sales and preferences. ï‚ · Owners/stakeholders are invested in making this a business not creating a hobby business for the sake of brewing beer. Therefore, a written business plan is in existence. A written business plan would have been required to secure the government loan. ï‚ · A business plan should be a working document, not created and then placedRead MoreTootsie Roll Industries, Inc. Loan Package1318 Words   |  6 PagesTootsie Roll Industries, Inc. Loan Package ACC/561 Tootsie Roll Industries, Inc. Loan Package In week three, Learning Team E presents a loan package for public held company, Tootsie Roll Industries, Inc., in business for over 100 years. Tootsie Roll is a manufacturer of confectionary products. In addition to sales in the United States, Tootsie Roll’s profits grew in Mexico, Canada, Europe, Asia, South and Central America. This loan package consists of three sections: Financial Ratios, CorporateRead MoreAn Article On U.s. Banking Essay1620 Words   |  7 Pagesfunds, but entrepreneurs were somewhat floating alone in help on floating that loan! So, let s try and Canadianize that comment a bit with respect to a franchise loan in Canada, with emphasis on how to successfully loosen the purse strings of those franchise lenders for your funding needs. Two critical components of success in franchising funding are your overall package of information, including a business plan and cash flow document, as well as owner capital. For non-financial types, thoseRead MoreAcc 561 W eek 3 Team Tootsie Roll Loan Paper1358 Words   |  6 PagesTootsie Roll Industries, Inc. Loan Package ACC/561 Tootsie Roll Industries, Inc. Loan Package In week three, Learning Team E presents a loan package for public held company, Tootsie Roll Industries, Inc., in business for over 100 years. Tootsie Roll is a manufacturer of confectionery products. In addition to sales in the United States, Tootsie Roll’s profits grew in Mexico, Canada, Europe, Asia, South and Central America. This loan package consists of three sections: Financial Ratios, CorporateRead MoreWhat Is The True Cost Of Higher Education?1594 Words   |  7 PagesMethods 316 May 6, 2016 What is the true cost of higher education?† College is something that is brought up during freshman year of high school and again in junior to senior year while visiting and sending in their applications to attend or have a plan if not attending college. Most student’s freshman year in high school their decision then is based off if parent didn’t go they wouldn’t go. During freshman year in high school their going through phase where they are discovering who they are based

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Short Story - 1354 Words

Every day since she arrived at the castle, Rosaline was prepped, polished and pushed into a tight dress. She could barely breathe as she sat waiting at the large dining table. There was a dozen other people at the table, all of them clearly knew the proper etiquette. They were visiting relatives, dukes and duchesses, lords and ladies – all fit in with the interior. Rosaline was a nobody and she never felt so small when she sat near the aristocrats. She felt like an imposter. Rosaline’s stomach growled in anticipation. The stench of food floated through to the dining room. The room was full of chatter and no doubt other hungry stomachs. The food must’ve been ready but the servants were not allowed to bring the food through until the kind†¦show more content†¦No one could speak unless spoken to by a royal. People kept shooting her glares, mainly the girls. She was sitting at the prince’s right hand side but that it wasn’t like any other seat was available. Still, Rosaline felt more anxious by the second. She searched the room looking for the suspects. Her eyes landed on Francis, who was quietly chatting to the lady on his right. He was tall and lanky with red hair. He seemed to be in his late thirties. He didn’t strike Rosaline as being a murderer, but then again looks could be deceiving. When it was time for the servants to collect the plates, Rosaline handed her plate to one and it slipped out her hand and crashed on the floor. Rosaline froze. Casper threw his plate to the ground. â€Å"Oops. My bad† he said. The people at the table began laughing. Even the king eventually joined in. â€Å"Well that’s one way to clear the table† he said. King Leonard stood up and swept everything nearest to him off the table. The aristocrats began clapping as if they were watching a performance. The king gestured for them to join in. They began throwing plates across the room, the servants rushed to clean it up. One servant fell forward onto a smashed plate. She turned her hand over and crimson red ran down her hand. No one noticed. Rosaline leapt from her chair and went over to her. â€Å"Are you okay?† Rosaline asked helping her up. â€Å"Miss, you need to get back to your seat† she said. â€Å"No† Rosaline said as theyShow MoreRelatedshort story1018 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Short Stories:  Ã‚  Characteristics †¢Short  - Can usually be read in one sitting. †¢Concise:  Ã‚  Information offered in the story is relevant to the tale being told.  Ã‚  This is unlike a novel, where the story can diverge from the main plot †¢Usually tries to leave behind a  single impression  or effect.  Ã‚  Usually, though not always built around one character, place, idea, or act. †¢Because they are concise, writers depend on the reader bringing  personal experiences  and  prior knowledge  to the story. Four MajorRead MoreThe Short Stories Ideas For Writing A Short Story Essay1097 Words   |  5 Pageswriting a short story. Many a time, writers run out of these short story ideas upon exhausting their sources of short story ideas. If you are one of these writers, who have run out of short story ideas, and the deadline you have for coming up with a short story is running out, the short story writing prompts below will surely help you. Additionally, if you are being tormented by the blank Microsoft Word document staring at you because you are not able to come up with the best short story idea, youRead MoreShort Story1804 Words   |  8 PagesShort story: Definition and History. A  short story  like any other term does not have only one definition, it has many definitions, but all of them are similar in a general idea. According to The World Book Encyclopedia (1994, Vol. 12, L-354), â€Å"the short story is a short work of fiction that usually centers around a single incident. Because of its shorter length, the characters and situations are fewer and less complicated than those of a novel.† In the Cambridge Advanced Learner’s DictionaryRead MoreShort Stories648 Words   |  3 Pageswhat the title to the short story is. The short story theme I am going conduct on is â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty’ by James Thurber (1973). In this short story the literary elements being used is plot and symbols and the theme being full of distractions and disruption. The narrator is giving a third person point of view in sharing the thoughts of the characters. Walter Mitty the daydreamer is very humorous in the different plots of his dr ifting off. In the start of the story the plot, symbols,Read MoreShort Stories1125 Words   |  5 PagesThe themes of short stories are often relevant to real life? To what extent do you agree with this view? In the short stories â€Å"Miss Brill† and â€Å"Frau Brechenmacher attends a wedding† written by Katherine Mansfield, the themes which are relevant to real life in Miss Brill are isolation and appearance versus reality. Likewise Frau Brechenmacher suffers through isolation throughout the story and also male dominance is one of the major themes that are highlighted in the story. These themes areRead MoreShort Story and People1473 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Title: Story Of An Hour Author: Kate Chopin I. On The Elements / Literary Concepts The short story Story Of An Hour is all about the series of emotions that the protagonist, Mrs. Mallard showed to the readers. With the kind of plot of this short story, it actually refers to the moments that Mrs. Mallard knew that all this time, her husband was alive. For the symbol, I like the title of this short story because it actually symbolizes the time where Mrs. Mallard died with joy. And with thatRead MoreShort Story Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesA short story concentrates on creating a single dynamic effect and is limited in character and situation. It is a language of maximum yet economical effect. Every word must do a job, sometimes several jobs. Short stories are filled with numerous language and sound devices. These language and sound devices create a stronger image of the scenario or the characters within the text, which contribute to the overall pre-designed effect.As it is shown in the metaphor lipstick bleeding gently in CinnamonRead MoreRacism in the Short Stor ies1837 Words   |  7 PagesOften we read stories that tell stories of mixing the grouping may not always be what is legal or what people consider moral at the time. The things that you can learn from someone who is not like you is amazing if people took the time to consider this before judging someone the world as we know it would be a completely different place. The notion to overlook someone because they are not the same race, gender, creed, religion seems to be the way of the world for a long time. Racism is so prevalentRead MoreThe Idol Short Story1728 Words   |  7 PagesThe short stories â€Å"The Idol† by Adolfo Bioy Casares and â€Å"Axolotl† by Julio Cortà ¡zar address the notion of obsession, and the resulting harm that can come from it. Like all addictions, obsession makes one feel overwhelmed, as a single thought comes to continuously intruding our mind, causing the individual to not be able to ignore these thoughts. In â€Å"Axolotl†, the narr ator is drawn upon the axolotls at the Jardin des Plantes aquarium and his fascination towards the axolotls becomes an obsession. InRead MoreGothic Short Story1447 Words   |  6 Pages The End. In the short story, â€Å"Emma Barrett,† the reader follows a search party group searching for a missing girl named Emma deep in a forest in Oregon. The story follows through first person narration by a group member named Holden. This story would be considered a gothic short story because of its use of setting, theme, symbolism, and literary devices used to portray the horror of a missing six-year-old girl. Plot is the literal chronological development of the story, the sequence of events

16th President of the United States 1861-1865 - 856 Words

16th President of the United States 1861–1865 Physical Characteristics: 6†²4†³ tall, gray eyes, black hair Born: February 12, 1809, in Hogdenville, Kentucky Died: April 15, 1865, in Washington, D.C. Burial Place: Oak Ridge Cemetery in Springfield, Illinois FAMILY Ancestry: English Religion: Christian (no specific affiliation) Father: Thomas Lincoln (1778–1851); farmer, carpenter and wheelwright Mother: Nancy Hanks Lincoln (1784–1818) Married: November 4, 1842, to Mary Todd (1818–1882) The First Lady Mary Todd Lincoln grew up in Kentucky, a member of the social elite of Lexington. She met Abraham Lincoln, then a young lawyer, at her sisters home in Springfield, Illinois. Mary was described as short, plump, pretty, and temperamental. The courtship was stormy, with a broken engagement, but they shared a love of literature and politics. Mary welcomed the social status and responsibilities of being First Lady. She was criticized, however, for extravagance in entertaining during a time of war. Children: Robert Todd Lincoln (1843–1926); Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850); William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862); Thomas â€Å"Tad† Lincoln (1853–1871) CHILDHOOD Abraham Lincoln was born in a small log cabin in Kentucky. When he was almost 8 years old, the family (which included an older sister) moved to southwestern Indiana. There Abe helped his father clear the land and build a cabin. Abes mother died when he was 9. The next year, his father married Sarah Bush Johnston, aShow MoreRelatedAbraham Lincoln Served As The President Of The United States999 Words   |  4 PagesAbraham Lincoln served as the 16th President of the United States from March of 1861 to April of 1865, when he was assassinated while still president. In the years of Lincolns’ presidency, the United States’ bloodiest war wreaked havoc throughout the nation. This war was the Civil War, and Lincoln lead his country, The United States of America, through it successfully. On April 12th, 1861, the American Civil War officially began, and on May 9th, 1865, it ended. Therefore, almost the entire timeRead MoreThe Story Of Abraham Lincoln1100 Words   |  5 PagesThe story of Abraham Lincoln is a story that is as familiar to Americans as is any children’s fable. He was born in a log cabin, was our 16th president of the United States of America. He helped free the slaves from slavery and saved the Union. His assassination at Ford’s Theatre was at the hands of John Wilkes Booth. How did this unschooled, backwoods politician gain the presidency of this great country and guide this nation through its toughest crisis ever. Who was this Abraham Lincoln who helpedRead MoreThe Assassination Of President Abraham Lincoln Essay983 Words   |  4 PagesOne of the most tragic moments throughout all American history in my opinion is the Assassination of President Abraham Lincoln. With no surprise I am writing about certain event that occurred leading up to, during, and after this unfortunate event. This historical event is clouded with conspiracy but I will try to avoid specifics of that particular view. Abraham Lincoln was born in a little town located within Hardin Country, Kentucky on February 12, 1809 (www.whitehouse.gov/abrahamlincoln). HeRead MoreAbraham Lincoln s Legacy Of The Man Behind The Gun With A Plan982 Words   |  4 PagesAbraham Lincoln Assassination Early morning of April 15, 1865 the United States of America stood still. It started as a normal day at the theatre, but soon a dramatic turn would change United States history forever. This paper will define President Abraham Lincoln’s life, the man behind the gun with a plan, and how the United States reacted. Abraham Lincoln was the 16th President of the United States of America, he served a single term from 1861 to 1865, but changed history significantly. Lincoln has aRead MoreA Brief Note On The American Civil War1375 Words   |  6 Pages Eastern Iowa Community College European Involvement in the Civil War Jillisa Halverson History 151 Instructor: Dan Anderson December 5, 2015 The American Civil War represents a significant period in United States history. In this essay we will explore foreign involvement in the Civil War. We will specifically look at the roles of France and Great Britain played and how they used military positioning in Canada and off the US coast to affect the war. Finally, weRead MoreAbraham Lincoln And His Impact On The World1131 Words   |  5 PagesLincoln was born February 12, 1809 in Hodgenville, Kentucky but he grew up on the western side of the United States; he was self educated and eventually became a lawyer in Illinois. He was the 16th President of the United States; he was president from March 1861 until his assassination by John Wilkes Booth in April 1865. Lincoln led the United States through its Civil War, which was the United States bloodiest war and an event often considered its greatest moral, constitutional, and political crisisRead MoreJiayun1132 Words   |  5 PagesAnn Li May 5, 2013 Social Study Research Paper Ms. Yassin Abraham Lincoln On February 12, 1809, Abraham Lincoln, the 16th president of United States came into the world in a poor family in Hardin County, Kentucky. When Lincoln was born, he was given his paternal grandfathers name. His father, Thomas Lincoln was a farmer and shoemaker with only a little amount of knowledge. However, Abrahams father gained respect of the community because he purchased his own land twice. His religious beliefsRead MoreThe American Civil War. One Of The Bloodiest And Most Fatal2014 Words   |  9 Pagesmost fatal battle in United States History, the American Civil War. The Civil war was a conflict in the nation that the people could never forget. It was a war that costed the lives of the many in the year 1861 to 1865 during the time of the nation’s 16th President, Abraham Lincoln. It was a conflict that arose between dividing states, the Northern free states and Southern slaves states which also referred to as the Union and the Confederate states. â€Å"The War Bet ween the States† is another term forRead More Eve of the civil war Essay807 Words   |  4 Pages On the eve of the Civil War, the United States was a nation divided into four quite distinct regions: the Northeast, with a growing industrial and commercial economy and an increasing density of population; the Northwest, now known as the Midwest, a rapidly expanding region of free farmers where slavery had been forever prohibited under the Northwest Ordinance; the Upper South, with a settled plantation system and (in some areas) declining economic fortunes; and the Southwest, a booming frontier-likeRead MoreEve of the Civil War826 Words   |  4 PagesOn the eve of the Civil War, the United States was a nation divided into four quite distinct regions: the Northeast, with a growing industrial and commercial economy and an increasing density of population; the Northwest, now known as the Midwest, a rapidly expanding region of free farmers where slavery had been forever prohibited under the Northwest Ordinance; the Upper South, with a settled plantation system and (in some areas) declining economic fortunes; and the Southwest, a booming frontier-like

History Of The Computer Industry In America (2416 words) Essay Example For Students

History Of The Computer Industry In America (2416 words) Essay History Of The Computer Industry In AmericaMatchmaker.com: Sign up now for a free trial. Date Smarter!HistoryOf The Computer Industry In AmericaOnly once in a lifetime will a new inventioncome about to touchevery aspect of our lives. Sucha device that changes the way we work,live, and play is a special one, indeed. A machine that has done allthis and more now exists in nearly everybusiness in the U.S. and oneout of every two households (Hall, 156). This incredible invention isthe computer. The electronic computerhas been around for over ahalf-century, but its ancestors have beenaround for 2000 years. However, only in the last 40 years hasit changed the American society. From the first wooden abacus to the latesthigh-speed microprocessor,the computer has changed nearly everyaspect of peopleOs lives for thebetter. The very earliest existence of the modern day computerOsancestor is the abacus. These dateback to almost 2000 years ago. Itis simply a wooden rack holding parallelwires on which beads arestrung. When these beads are movedalong the wire according toprogramming rules that the user mustmemorize, all ordinary arithmeticoperations can be performed (Soma, 14). The next innovation incomputers took place in 1694 when BlaisePascal invented the firstOdigital calculating machineO. It could only add numbers and they hadto be entered by turning dials. It was designed to help PascalOs fatherwho was a tax collector (Soma, 32). In the early 1800Os, a mathematics professor named CharlesBabbage designed an automatic calculationmachine. It was steam poweredand could store up to 1000 50-digit numbers. Built in to his machinewere operations that included everythinga modern general-purposecomputer would need. It was programmedbyand stored data oncardswith holes punched in them, appropriatelycalled OpunchcardsO. Hisinventions were failures for the mostpart because of the lack ofprecision machining techniques used atthe time and the lack of demandfor such a device (Soma, 46). After Babbage, people began to lose interest in computers. However, between 1850 and 1900 there weregreat advances in mathematicsand physics that began to rekindle theinterest (Osborne, 45). Many ofthese new advances involved complex calculationsand formulas that werevery time consuming for human calculation. The first major use for acomputer in the U.S. was during the 1890census. Two men, HermanHollerith and James Powers, developeda new punched-card system thatcould automatically read information oncards without human intervention(Gulliver, 82). Since the populationof the U.S. was increasing sofast, the computer was an essential toolin tabulating the totals. These advantages were noted by commercial industries and soonled to the development of improved punch-cardbusiness-machine systemsby International Business Machines (IBM),Remington-Rand, Burroughs, andother corporations. By modern standardsthe punched-card machines wereslow, typically processing from 50 to250 cards per minute, with eachcard holding up to 80 digits. Atthe time, however, punched cards werean enormous step forward; they provideda means of input, output, andmemory storage on a massive scale. For more than 50 years followingtheir first use, punched-card machinesdid the bulk of the worldsbusiness computing and a good portionof the computing work in science(Chposky, 73). By the late 1930s punched-card machine techniques had become sowell established and reliable that HowardHathaway Aiken, incollaboration with engineers at IBM, undertookconstruction of a largeautomatic digital computer based on standardIBM electromechanicalparts. Aikens machine, called theHarvard Mark I, handled 23-digitnumbers and could perform all four arithmeticoperations. Also, it hadspecial built-in programs to handle logarithmsand trigonometricfunctions. The Mark I was controlledfrom prepunched paper tape. Output was by card punch and electrictypewriter. It was slow,requiring 3 to 5 seconds for a multiplication,but it was fullyautomatic and could complete long computationswithout humanintervention (Chposky, 103). The outbreak of World War II produced a desperate need forcomputing capability, especially for themilitary. New weapons systemswere produced which needed trajectorytables and other essential data. In 1942, John P. Eckert, John W. Mauchley,and their associates at theUniversity of Pennsylvania decided tobuild a high-speed electroniccomputer to do the job. This machinebecame known as ENIAC, forElectrical Numerical Integrator And Calculator. It could multiply twonumbers at the rate of 300 products persecond, by finding the value ofeach product from a multiplication tablestored in its memory. ENIAC wasthus about 1,000 times faster than theprevious generation of computers(Dolotta, 47). ENIAC used 18,000 standard vacuum tubes, occupied 1800 squarefeet of floor space, and used about 180,000watts of electricity. Itused punched-card input and output. The ENIAC was very difficult toprogram because one had to essentiallyre-wire it to perform whatevertask he wanted the computer to do. It was, however, efficient inhandling the particular programs for whichit had been designed. ENIACis generally accepted as the first successfulhigh-speed electronicdigital computer and was used in manyapplications from 1946 to 1955(Dolotta, 50). Mathematician John von Neumann was very interested in the ENIAC. In 1945 he undertook a theoretical studyof computation thatdemonstrated that a computer could havea very simple and yet be able toexecute any kind of computation effectivelyby means of properprogrammed control without the need forany changes in hardware. VonNeumann came up with incredible ideasfor methods of building andorganizing practical, fast computers. I Have a Dream EssayMany companies, some new to the computerfield, introduced in the 1970sprogrammable minicomputers supplied withsoftware packages. Thesize-reduction trend continued with theintroduction of personalcomputers, which are programmable machinessmall enough and inexpensiveenough to be purchased and used by individuals(Rogers, 153). One of the first of such machines was introduced in January1975. Popular Electronics magazineprovided plans that would allow anyelectronics wizard to build his own small,programmable computer forabout $380 (Rose, 32). The computerwas called the OAltair 8800O. Itsprogramming involved pushing buttons andflipping switches on the frontof the box. It didnOt includea monitor or keyboard, and itsapplications were very limited (Jacobs,53). Even though, many orderscame in for it and several famous ownersof computer and softwaremanufacturing companies got their startin computing through the Altair. For example, Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak,founders of Apple Computer,built a much cheaper, yet more productiveversion of the Altair andturned their hobby into a business (Fluegelman,16). After the introduction of the Altair 8800, the personal computerindustry became a fierce battlegroundof competition. IBM had been thecomputer industry standard for well overa half-century. They heldtheir position as the standard when theyintroduced their first personalcomputer, the IBM Model 60 in 1975 (Chposky,156). However, the newlyformed Apple Computer company was releasingits own personal computer,the Apple II (The Apple I was the firstcomputer designed by Jobs andWozniak in WozniakOs garage, whichwas not produced on a wide scale). Software was needed to run the computersas well. Microsoft developed aDisk Operating System (MS-DOS) for theIBM computer while Appledeveloped its own software system (Rose,37). Because Microsoft had nowset the software standard for IBMs, everysoftware manufacturer had tomake their software compatible with MicrosoftOs. This would lead tohuge profits for Microsoft (Cringley,163). The main goal of the computer manufacturers was to make thecomputer as affordable as possible whileincreasing speed, reliability,and capacity. Nearly every computermanufacturer accomplished this andcomputers popped up everywhere. Computers were in businesses keepingtrack of inventories. Computerswere in colleges aiding students inresearch. Computers were in laboratoriesmaking complex calculations athigh speeds for scientists and physicists. The computer had made itsmark everywhere in society and built upa huge industry (Cringley, 174). The future is promising for the computer industry and itstechnology. The speed of processorsis expected to double every yearand a half in the coming years. As manufacturing techniques are furtherperfected the prices of computer systemsare expected to steadily fall. However, since the microprocessor technologywill be increasing, itOshigher costs will offset the drop in priceof older processors. In otherwords, the price of a new computer willstay about the same from year toyear, but technology will steadily increase(Zachary, 42)Since the end of World War II, the computer industry has grownfrom a standing start into one of thebiggest and most profitableindustries in the United States. It now comprises thousands ofcompanies, making everything from multi-milliondollar high-speedsupercomputers to printout paper and floppydisks. It employs millionsof people and generates tens of billionsof dollars in sales each year(Malone, 192). Surely, the computerhas impacted every aspect ofpeopleOs lives. It has affectedthe way people work and play. It hasmade everyoneOs life easier bydoing difficult work for people. Thecomputer truly is one of the most incredibleinventions in history. Works CitedChposky, James. Blue Magic. New York:Facts on File Publishing. 1988. Cringley, Robert X. Accidental Empires. Reading, MA: Addison WesleyPublishing, 1992. Dolotta, T.A. Data Processing: 1940-1985. New York: John Wiley Sons,1985. Fluegelman, Andrew. OA NewWorldO, MacWorld. San Jose, Ca: MacWorldPublishing, February, 1984 (Premire Issue). Hall, Peter. Silicon Landscapes. Boston: Allen Irwin, 1985Gulliver, David. Silicon Valey andBeyond. Berkeley, Ca: Berkeley AreaGovernment Press, 1981. Hazewindus, Nico. The U.S. MicroelectronicsIndustry. New York:Pergamon Press, 1988. Jacobs, Christopher W. OThe Altair8800O, Popular Electronics. NewYork: Popular Electronics Publishing,January 1975. Malone, Michael S. The Big Scare:The U.S. Coputer Industry. GardenCity, NY: Doubleday Co., 1985. Osborne, Adam. Hypergrowth. Berkeley, Ca: Idthekkethan PublishingCompany, 1984. Rogers, Everett M. Silicon ValeyFever. New York: Basic Books, Inc. Publishing, 1984. Rose, Frank. West of Eden. New York: Viking Publishing, 1989. Shallis, Michael. The Silicon Idol. New York: Shocken Books, 1984. Soma, John T. The History of theComputer. Toronto: Lexington Books,1976. Zachary, William. OThe Futureof ComputingO, Byte. Boston: BytePublishing, August 1994.

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Nstp community service free essay sample

My Community Service Experience During my community service project in our subject national service training program , I learned and experienced many new things, such as working with a diverse group of people, sensitivity, and how fortunate I am. Our group decided to work on a project about planting trees , and at the same time teaching the children . So we named or project plant for a purpose , teach for a cause , during the project launching in Dalahican , purok 7 I enjoy that day . At first I think it will be boring , but Im wrong as we go around the place , we are inviting every citizen of that particular place , they didnt hesitate to go with us and listen to our project . And in that day I realize how lucky I am , during the launching their is a raffle draw for the parents and I see in their face how thankful they are in winning a 2kl of rice or a noodles , and I also see the children when we were giving a toys they pulling each other just to assure they get some toys . We will write a custom essay sample on Nstp community service or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page And in that moment i told my self your a very lucky person when i was a kid i didnt experience fight over a toys because i get what i want. After the project launching we start our program , we start looking for the children that will spend their time on learning new things , and a place where we going to plant after that every saturday we are their in Dalahican for our project . Every saturday were happy teaching the children , and sometimes or should I say most of the time were not prepared on what will going to teach to them. In that case Ive learned that we should be prepared so we didnt waste so much time. After several weeks were all excited in the graduation of the children , and the closing program . And when we got arrive in Dalahican one of our student gave us a letter , saying thank you for the time and the knowledge we share to them , and that simple letter makes us touch all the hard work , the suffer in waking early in the morning just to attend in CWTS class is very worth it. During the program the children makes us happy because they prepare a special presentation , a dance number . Until the graduation of the children is done and we need to say goodbye to them . But I know it is not the ending maybe someday one of them will meet me in the future, because the world is too small . Their are many lesson that Ive learned during the community service , like having a patient in the children because they are every naughty , being with the people who at first i didnt know their attitude but when time passed by we are sharing already the story of our life . And I also learned the true meaning of community service it is voluntary work intended to help people in a particular area , it is a unpaid work . And I also learned in some experienced that I only do in the community service. And I very thankful of this subject CWTS because we are obligate to join in community service . And thats the reason why i learned a lot. Thank you