Free Essays on Data Encryption

The electronic age has delivered numerous mechanical advances. With these advances came the requirement for security and more tight control on how we send data electronically over the Internet or through a system. Date encryption is, in its least complex terms, the interpretation of information into a mystery code. So as to peruse a scrambled document, the recipient of the record must acquire a mystery key that will empower him to decode the record. A more profound investigate cryptography, cryptanalysis, and the Data Encryption Standard (DES) will give a superior comprehension of date encryption. Cryptographic Methods There are two standard techniques for cryptography, lopsided encryption and symmetric encryption. Information that is in its unique structure (unscrambled) is called plaintext. When the information is mixed and in its scrambled structure it is called ciphertext. The ciphertext, which ought to be incoherent to anybody not holding the encryption key, is what is put away in the database or transmitted down the correspondence line. Lopsided encryption (likewise know as open key encryption) utilizes two separate keys, an open key and a private key. The private key is accessible just to the individual accepting the scrambled message. The open key is accessible to any individual who wishes to send information or impart to the holder of the private key. Lopsided encryption is viewed as extremely sheltered however is helpless to private key robbery or breaking of the private key (this is basically unthinkable and would establish attempting billions of conceivable key mixes) (4). Sorts of open key calculations incorporate Riverst-Shamir-Adelman (RSA), Diffie-Hellman, Digital Signature Standard (DSS), EIGamal, and LUC (5). Symmetric encryption utilizes just one key (a mystery key) to encode and decode the message. No open trade of the key is required. This technique is helpless if the key is taken or if the ciphertext is broken (4). Kinds of symmetric calcu lations incorporate DES, Blowfish, International Data Encryp... Free Essays on Data Encryption Free Essays on Data Encryption The electronic age has delivered numerous innovative advances. With these advances came the requirement for security and more tight control on how we send data electronically over the Internet or through a system. Date encryption is, in its least difficult terms, the interpretation of information into a mystery code. So as to peruse an encoded document, the beneficiary of the record must get a mystery key that will empower him to decode the document. A more profound investigate cryptography, cryptanalysis, and the Data Encryption Standard (DES) will give a superior comprehension of date encryption. Cryptographic Methods There are two standard techniques for cryptography, deviated encryption and symmetric encryption. Information that is in its unique structure (unscrambled) is called plaintext. When the information is mixed and in its scrambled structure it is called ciphertext. The ciphertext, which ought to be muddled to anybody not holding the encryption key, is what is put away in the database or transmitted down the correspondence line. Unbalanced encryption (additionally know as open key encryption) utilizes two separate keys, an open key and a private key. The private key is accessible just to the individual accepting the encoded message. The open key is accessible to any individual who wishes to send information or impart to the holder of the private key. Awry encryption is viewed as protected however is powerless to private key burglary or breaking of the private key (this is for all intents and purposes inconceivable and would establish attempting billions of conceivable key mixes) (4). Sorts of open key calculations incorporate Riverst-Shamir-Adelman (RSA), Diffie-Hellman, Digital Signature Standard (DSS), EIGamal, and LUC (5). Symmetric encryption utilizes just one key (a mystery key) to scramble and decode the message. No open trade of the key is required. This strategy is defenseless if the key is taken or if the ciphertext is broken (4). Sorts of symmetric calculations incorporate DES, Blowfish, International Data Encryp...

Explain the different paths to God found in Bonaventures The Souls (or Research Paper

Disclose the various ways to God found in Bonaventures The Souls (or Minds) Journey to God - Research Paper Example Particularly the introduction of The Journey of the Mind into God depicts the vision of Seraph continually and convincingly. In this work has likewise discloses various ways to God and instruct individuals that they could turn out to be near the God via doing their life travels in explicit ways and ways (Quinn, p186). Holy person Bonaventura clarifies in his work Mind’s excursion to the God that discovering God is basic just as exceptionally convoluted for the individuals since God is available around the individuals however they could contact him just in the event that they will receive the correct ways. He accepts that one can without much of a stretch discover God by looking for him in changed objects of the world since he is all over the place and it relies on the truthfulness and devotion of the searcher that he become ready to discover God or not. Bonaventura accepts that God is his very own piece manifestations that why he is available in the tree standing quietly just as on the way where the individuals use to walk each day. Since individuals are likewise the production of God so he is additionally present inside us and the inner truth of the characters uncover the presence of God inside the individuals (Gendreau, p104). The primary part of Mind’s excursion to the God clarifies the phases through which the individuals can discover their ways up to God. Bonaventura instructs that when an individual is honored by God he has been given the celestial help and the way towards God turns out to be clear and simple for him. This happens to the individuals that are valid by heart and have no off-base expectations for God and his manifestations (Emery, p218). Without the help of God it isn't workable for anybody to discover God or look for the ways towards him. At the point when an individual is valid and clean by his heart God makes him complete and give him every one of his favors and supernatural occurrences. This is conceivable just when somebody is unadulterated genuinely as well as unadulterated and clean and he really needs to arrive at God and needs to follow the way truly that could take him

Role of Criminal Justice System and Illicit Drugs. essays

Job of Criminal Justice System and Illicit Drugs. papers There is significant discussion about the job that the Criminal Justice framework should play in the control of unlawful medication use (Study Guide 1001CCJ 2003, p.69). The Australian medication approach at present works inside a preclusion model, which expresses that the creation, circulation and utilization of illegal medications are criminal offenses (Cherney s sedate issue, and there appears to be little uncertainty that blends, for example, law implementation, medicalisation and damage minimisation based options will be the medication arrangement of things to come. To start, be that as it may, a concise portrayal of the authentic roots of preclusion is offered, trailed by a survey of the criminal equity frameworks objectives in managing the control of unlawful medications. The denial of illegal medications began from an assortment of reasons in the late nineteenth and mid twentieth hundreds of years. These included political practical, general wellbeing contemplations just as weights from clinical and moral gatherings (Study Guide 1001CCJ 2003, p.69). The reason behind toughening illegal medication use during the 1960s and 1970s was, and keeps on being basically discouragement (Makkai 2000, p.64). De... <!

I Am A Frolicker free essay sample

What is your preferred word, and why? I am a frolicker. To skip is my generally most loved of past-times. In the event that you are curious about the general techniques for skipping, I will edify you. As I would like to think, the most prime area to skip is in a knoll. Try not to fear if glades are hard to come by however, the area isn't basic. Presently, expecting a knoll has been found, to accomplish the most extreme impact, shoes must be evacuated. At that point a figurative, and infrequently strict, letting down of hair must begin. Now the happiness may start. I dread I have overlooked the most significant perspective! Skipping is very troublesome when alone. Buddies are quite often fundamental. Presently, you are presumably pondering something like â€Å"soI have a companion, we are in some irregular field without shoes or hair ties†¦what now?† That is a magnificent inquiry; likewise one that I can't reply. We will compose a custom article test on I Am A Frolicker or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page It is difficult to educate the really skipping. The most essential head of skipping is immediacy. You giggle, move, run, cavort, and make the most of your companion(s) in a general condition of energy. I do give one alert. You should not skip continually. One doesn't have to skip unendingly to receive its full benefit. The capacity to skip is what’s significant. Relinquishing concerns and getting a charge out of life is priceless. No different, we have undertakings, duties, and genuine business to take care of. In this way, go, live your live, be profitable. Be that as it may, don’t overlook, a continuous portion of skipping improves wellbeing and inside and out joy. Appreciate!

Research Paper Outline Sample

Research Paper Outline SampleA good research paper outline sample can help you get your ideas down on paper, concisely and quickly. There are a lot of different styles that you can look at, but in general outline examples are the standard that most people use. A good outline example will take some of the stress off of you and make the process of writing the paper easier.There are three formats that research paper outline samples come in, word, outline, and content. Each of these have their advantages and disadvantages, but there is not a true format for each. The format that you choose will depend on what works best for you.You may have seen outline examples in a classroom setting, where students were given a project to work on. A student would bring in an outline and work with it to outline the project. After the outline was completed, the class would go back and review the sections to see what worked and what didn't.In addition to classroom settings, outline examples also come in m any places on the internet. Many websites have outlined on hand, or they have templates that you can use to help you with your outline. There are no real rules, but the majority of outlines on the internet are word documents, and their structure is similar to the way that you should organize your paper.To see how your research paper outline sample will look, first go to a website that has outlined, and look at the way the paper is presented. You should see several paragraphs of text, each of which contains several sentences. By looking at the way the outline is presented, you can get a feel for how to read the paper.When you do use a research paper outline sample, try to break up the writing. It is usually best to use one sentence or one paragraph tobreak up long paragraphs. Also, when you are writing an outline, you should try to write each paragraph on its own page, so that you don't have to worry about joining paragraphs together later. Try to avoid using more than two or three b ullet points per paragraph.You will probably find that the outline that you use in your writing will have many of the same elements as the research paper outline sample. These include headers, subheaders, chapter headings, information boxes, margins, and even single-spaced text. These things are necessary to get your information down in writing, but if you are used to writing in a more informal style, they may be too informal for you.One thing that should be clear, however, is that the research paper outline sample should not be the only structure that you use in writing. If you are trying to write an outline for a paper, or for an essay, there is no point in using the outline in order to structure your work.

Why youre never too old for a bedtime story

Achieving your dream score in the SAT is going to be dependent on a host of factors, including but not exclusively; how soon you start your study, how much work you put in, how consistent you are with your efforts, the quality of guidance and support you receive and, very importantly, how you feel through the journey. Pressure and stress can be great if they goad you into action, however these two emotions, if constant, can really cloud the brain making it difficult for you to take in and process new information. One of the keys to your success is to eliminate the bad feelings and to challenge yourself to seeing the fun side of learning. This is where the bedtime story comes in. How well do you think John Steinbeck or Stephen King would do if they had to sit down and take the Reading and Writing sections of the SAT? We would assume that they would do pretty well, right? A good author’s brain is fine tuned to language, expert at interpreting and disassembling/assembling the world. Authors’ heads are jam packed with words that capture all manner of ideas and concepts, their novels can trigger a panoply of emotion. Through their prose they have the power to recreate realities and to take you outside yourself. This is ‘The Great Escape,’ a way of studying without even realising it. Research driven by the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) has found that   students with good reading skills are those who read as a habit. Picking up a book at bedtime is an excellent way to train your mind to the intricacies of language and structure, and reading stories puts your brain into relax mode. 30 minutes of reading seven nights a week could be the difference between two significantly different SAT scores, not only that, but you get to ride in the proverbial tardis too. Attempt SAT reading comprehension questions.

It Might Have Been Otherwise Analysis Of Otherwise by...

It Might Have Been Otherwise: Analysis of â€Å"Otherwise† by Jane Kenyon Jane Kenyon, the author of â€Å"Otherwise†, once said, â€Å"The poets job is to put into words those feelings we all have that are so deep, so important, and yet so difficult to name, to tell the truth in such a beautiful way, that people cannot live without it.† Jane died a few years later after writing this poem, and it was published after her death. â€Å"Otherwise† is a meaningful poem that describes the tender truth about death in a definite but beautiful way; it also emphasizes the pleasant normalcy in life, and how everything will change. This poem is basically about being thankful for having the simple cherished things in life, and how it could be different. It is in two†¦show more content†¦These lines are used to show how grateful she is to be with her mate, and eat with specific, silver candles: At noon I lay down with my mate. It might have been otherwise. We ate dinner together at a table with silver candlesticks. (13-18) She uses the line â€Å"It might/ have been otherwise† (14-15) again after each of those lines to indicate how those simple, ordinary things should not be taken for granted. Jane makes this line seem like a dream come true: â€Å"I slept in a bed/in a room with paintings/on the walls†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (20-22).To most people, the sentence seems simple, but to Jane, the paintings are symbolic of life, of being alive. The last lines imply that one day the speaker will not wake up, eat a flawless peach, walk her dog, have dinner with candlesticks, or sleep in a room with paintings because she knows one day everything will change: â€Å"But one day, I know/ it will be otherwise† (25-26) . Some other literary devices used in the poem are: repetition, imagery, and alliteration. For repetition the line: â€Å"It might have been otherwise† is used throughout the poem repeatedly to exaggerate the fact that anything could have happened. That line gives the poem a solemn, but still pleasant mood. Imagery is used in these lines: â€Å"I ate/ cereal, sweet/milk, ripe, flawless/peach† (4-7). Jane uses those lines to describe everyday foods as if they were something special. Alliteration is used in this line: â€Å"†¦my mate. It/ might...† (14). The â€Å"m†Show MoreRelatedStructuralism and Interpretation Ernest Hemingways Cat in Ther Ain9284 Words   |  38 PagesPorter Institute for Poetics and Semiotics Analysis and Interpretation of the Realist Text: A Pluralistic Approach to Ernest Hemingways Cat in the Rain Author(s): David Lodge Source: Poetics Today, Vol. 1, No. 4, Narratology II: The Fictional Text and the Reader (Summer, 1980), pp. 5-22 Published by: Duke University Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1771885 . Accessed: 14/03/2011 05:14 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTORs Terms and Conditions of Use,Read MoreCase Study148348 Words   |  594 PagesWorld Wide Web at: www.pearsoned.co.uk ---------------------------------This edition published 2011  © Pearson Education Limited 2011 The rights of Gerry Johnson, Richard Whittington and Kevan Scholes to be identified as the authors of this work have been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Pearson Education is not responsible for the content of third party internet sites. ISBN: 978-0-273-73557-1 (printed) ISBN: 978-0-273-73552-6 (web) All rights reservedRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pages CASE STUDIES ECS8C_C01.qxd 22/10/2007 11:54 Page 598 ECS8C_C01.qxd 22/10/2007 11:54 Page 599 Guide to using the case studies The main text of this book includes 87 short illustrations and 15 case examples which have been chosen to enlarge speciï ¬ c issues in the text and/or provide practical examples of how business and public sector organisations are managing strategic issues. The case studies which follow allow the reader to extend this linking of theory and practiceRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesLeadership Chapter 2 Organization Strategy and Project Selection 1.4 Projects and programs (.2) 1.4.1 Managing the portfolio 1.4.3 Strategy and projects 2.3 Stakeholders and review boards 12.1 RFP’s and vendor selection (.3.4.5) 11.2.2.6 SWAT analysis 6.5.2.7 Schedule compression 9.4.2.5 Leadership skills G.1 Project leadership 10.1 Stakeholder management Chapter 11 Teams Chapter 3 Organization: Structure and Culture 2.4.1 Organization cultures [G.7] 2.4.2 Organization structure

Business Plan and Loan Package - 1412 Words

Running head: TOOTSIE ROLL INDUSTRIES, INC. LOAN PACKAGE Tootsie Roll Industries, Inc. Loan Package ACC561 22 September 2011 Introduction Now that the small business idea has become more that just fine print, it is time to put together a loan package that explains the story of the company. There are important questions to answer, demonstrating the company’s ability to correctly make important financial decisions, and detail how the business will pay off the loan. This paper will include the requirements of a loan package, creditor requirements, a ratio analysis, loan justification, and how the company plans to use the proceeds. Tootsie Roll Industries, Incorporated Loan Package Loan Package Requirements Like†¦show more content†¦needs a loan to supplement operational expenses and decrease the negative impact market risk factors may have on sales volume. In 2007, the product cost of goods sold increased from costs incurred 2006 as a result of significant increases in prices of many commodities purchased by Tootsie Roll. These commodities consist of some of the major ingredients used in Tootsie Rolls and other products, such as corn syrup, dextrose, milk products, vegetable oils, sugar, and gum base ingredients (Tootsie Roll Industries, 2011). As a percentage of net sales, product cost of goods sold increased from 62.8% in 2006 to 66.5% in 2007 (Kimmel, Weygandt, amp; Kieso, 2009). Light freight and delivery costs increased as a result of increases in energy costs, such as oil used for fuel. Exchange of foreign currency on products manufactured in Canada has generated an adverse effect as well, even though sales growth has increased. Tootsie Roll Industries, Inc. has made efforts to offset the increases in costs of commodities through selective price increases and reducing costs where possible (Kimmel, Weygandt, amp; Kieso, 2009). However, the company has not been able to recover all of the costs associated with the increases in commodities. The company does not want to risk product priceShow MoreRelatedTootsie Roll Paper706 Words   |  3 PagesRunning head: TOOTSIE ROLL INDUSTRIES INC. LOAN PACKAGE    1 Tootsie Roll Industries Inc. Loan Package TOOTSIE ROLL INDUSTRIES INC. LOAN PACKAGE Tootsie Roll Industries Inc. Loan Package The financial statement of Tootsie Roll Industries provides insightful details into the 2 financial activities of the decades old organization. A financial statement is the â€Å"summary report that shows how a firm has used the funds entrusted to it by its stockholders and lenders, and what is itsRead MoreAcc/561 Wk3 Tootsie Roll Industries Inc. Loan Package1239 Words   |  5 PagesTootsie Roll Industries Inc. Loan Package ACC/561 - Accounting August 15, 2011 Tootsie Roll Industries Inc. 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Most student’s freshman year in high school their decision then is based off if parent didn’t go they wouldn’t go. During freshman year in high school their going through phase where they are discovering who they are based

Definition of Paraphrase

Short Story - 1354 Words

Every day since she arrived at the castle, Rosaline was prepped, polished and pushed into a tight dress. She could barely breathe as she sat waiting at the large dining table. There was a dozen other people at the table, all of them clearly knew the proper etiquette. They were visiting relatives, dukes and duchesses, lords and ladies – all fit in with the interior. Rosaline was a nobody and she never felt so small when she sat near the aristocrats. She felt like an imposter. Rosaline’s stomach growled in anticipation. The stench of food floated through to the dining room. The room was full of chatter and no doubt other hungry stomachs. The food must’ve been ready but the servants were not allowed to bring the food through until the kind†¦show more content†¦No one could speak unless spoken to by a royal. People kept shooting her glares, mainly the girls. She was sitting at the prince’s right hand side but that it wasn’t like any other seat was available. Still, Rosaline felt more anxious by the second. She searched the room looking for the suspects. Her eyes landed on Francis, who was quietly chatting to the lady on his right. He was tall and lanky with red hair. He seemed to be in his late thirties. He didn’t strike Rosaline as being a murderer, but then again looks could be deceiving. When it was time for the servants to collect the plates, Rosaline handed her plate to one and it slipped out her hand and crashed on the floor. Rosaline froze. Casper threw his plate to the ground. â€Å"Oops. My bad† he said. The people at the table began laughing. Even the king eventually joined in. â€Å"Well that’s one way to clear the table† he said. King Leonard stood up and swept everything nearest to him off the table. The aristocrats began clapping as if they were watching a performance. The king gestured for them to join in. They began throwing plates across the room, the servants rushed to clean it up. One servant fell forward onto a smashed plate. She turned her hand over and crimson red ran down her hand. No one noticed. Rosaline leapt from her chair and went over to her. â€Å"Are you okay?† Rosaline asked helping her up. â€Å"Miss, you need to get back to your seat† she said. â€Å"No† Rosaline said as theyShow MoreRelatedshort story1018 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Short Stories:  Ã‚  Characteristics †¢Short  - Can usually be read in one sitting. †¢Concise:  Ã‚  Information offered in the story is relevant to the tale being told.  Ã‚  This is unlike a novel, where the story can diverge from the main plot †¢Usually tries to leave behind a  single impression  or effect.  Ã‚  Usually, though not always built around one character, place, idea, or act. †¢Because they are concise, writers depend on the reader bringing  personal experiences  and  prior knowledge  to the story. Four MajorRead MoreThe Short Stories Ideas For Writing A Short Story Essay1097 Words   |  5 Pageswriting a short story. Many a time, writers run out of these short story ideas upon exhausting their sources of short story ideas. If you are one of these writers, who have run out of short story ideas, and the deadline you have for coming up with a short story is running out, the short story writing prompts below will surely help you. Additionally, if you are being tormented by the blank Microsoft Word document staring at you because you are not able to come up with the best short story idea, youRead MoreShort Story1804 Words   |  8 PagesShort story: Definition and History. A  short story  like any other term does not have only one definition, it has many definitions, but all of them are similar in a general idea. According to The World Book Encyclopedia (1994, Vol. 12, L-354), â€Å"the short story is a short work of fiction that usually centers around a single incident. 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In the short stories â€Å"Miss Brill† and â€Å"Frau Brechenmacher attends a wedding† written by Katherine Mansfield, the themes which are relevant to real life in Miss Brill are isolation and appearance versus reality. Likewise Frau Brechenmacher suffers through isolation throughout the story and also male dominance is one of the major themes that are highlighted in the story. These themes areRead MoreShort Story and People1473 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Title: Story Of An Hour Author: Kate Chopin I. On The Elements / Literary Concepts The short story Story Of An Hour is all about the series of emotions that the protagonist, Mrs. Mallard showed to the readers. With the kind of plot of this short story, it actually refers to the moments that Mrs. Mallard knew that all this time, her husband was alive. For the symbol, I like the title of this short story because it actually symbolizes the time where Mrs. Mallard died with joy. And with thatRead MoreShort Story Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesA short story concentrates on creating a single dynamic effect and is limited in character and situation. It is a language of maximum yet economical effect. Every word must do a job, sometimes several jobs. Short stories are filled with numerous language and sound devices. These language and sound devices create a stronger image of the scenario or the characters within the text, which contribute to the overall pre-designed effect.As it is shown in the metaphor lipstick bleeding gently in CinnamonRead MoreRacism in the Short Stor ies1837 Words   |  7 PagesOften we read stories that tell stories of mixing the grouping may not always be what is legal or what people consider moral at the time. The things that you can learn from someone who is not like you is amazing if people took the time to consider this before judging someone the world as we know it would be a completely different place. The notion to overlook someone because they are not the same race, gender, creed, religion seems to be the way of the world for a long time. Racism is so prevalentRead MoreThe Idol Short Story1728 Words   |  7 PagesThe short stories â€Å"The Idol† by Adolfo Bioy Casares and â€Å"Axolotl† by Julio Cortà ¡zar address the notion of obsession, and the resulting harm that can come from it. Like all addictions, obsession makes one feel overwhelmed, as a single thought comes to continuously intruding our mind, causing the individual to not be able to ignore these thoughts. In â€Å"Axolotl†, the narr ator is drawn upon the axolotls at the Jardin des Plantes aquarium and his fascination towards the axolotls becomes an obsession. InRead MoreGothic Short Story1447 Words   |  6 Pages The End. In the short story, â€Å"Emma Barrett,† the reader follows a search party group searching for a missing girl named Emma deep in a forest in Oregon. The story follows through first person narration by a group member named Holden. This story would be considered a gothic short story because of its use of setting, theme, symbolism, and literary devices used to portray the horror of a missing six-year-old girl. Plot is the literal chronological development of the story, the sequence of events

16th President of the United States 1861-1865 - 856 Words

16th President of the United States 1861–1865 Physical Characteristics: 6†²4†³ tall, gray eyes, black hair Born: February 12, 1809, in Hogdenville, Kentucky Died: April 15, 1865, in Washington, D.C. Burial Place: Oak Ridge Cemetery in Springfield, Illinois FAMILY Ancestry: English Religion: Christian (no specific affiliation) Father: Thomas Lincoln (1778–1851); farmer, carpenter and wheelwright Mother: Nancy Hanks Lincoln (1784–1818) Married: November 4, 1842, to Mary Todd (1818–1882) The First Lady Mary Todd Lincoln grew up in Kentucky, a member of the social elite of Lexington. She met Abraham Lincoln, then a young lawyer, at her sisters home in Springfield, Illinois. Mary was described as short, plump, pretty, and temperamental. The courtship was stormy, with a broken engagement, but they shared a love of literature and politics. Mary welcomed the social status and responsibilities of being First Lady. She was criticized, however, for extravagance in entertaining during a time of war. Children: Robert Todd Lincoln (1843–1926); Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850); William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862); Thomas â€Å"Tad† Lincoln (1853–1871) CHILDHOOD Abraham Lincoln was born in a small log cabin in Kentucky. When he was almost 8 years old, the family (which included an older sister) moved to southwestern Indiana. There Abe helped his father clear the land and build a cabin. Abes mother died when he was 9. The next year, his father married Sarah Bush Johnston, aShow MoreRelatedAbraham Lincoln Served As The President Of The United States999 Words   |  4 PagesAbraham Lincoln served as the 16th President of the United States from March of 1861 to April of 1865, when he was assassinated while still president. In the years of Lincolns’ presidency, the United States’ bloodiest war wreaked havoc throughout the nation. This war was the Civil War, and Lincoln lead his country, The United States of America, through it successfully. On April 12th, 1861, the American Civil War officially began, and on May 9th, 1865, it ended. Therefore, almost the entire timeRead MoreThe Story Of Abraham Lincoln1100 Words   |  5 PagesThe story of Abraham Lincoln is a story that is as familiar to Americans as is any children’s fable. He was born in a log cabin, was our 16th president of the United States of America. He helped free the slaves from slavery and saved the Union. His assassination at Ford’s Theatre was at the hands of John Wilkes Booth. How did this unschooled, backwoods politician gain the presidency of this great country and guide this nation through its toughest crisis ever. Who was this Abraham Lincoln who helpedRead MoreThe Assassination Of President Abraham Lincoln Essay983 Words   |  4 PagesOne of the most tragic moments throughout all American history in my opinion is the Assassination of President Abraham Lincoln. With no surprise I am writing about certain event that occurred leading up to, during, and after this unfortunate event. This historical event is clouded with conspiracy but I will try to avoid specifics of that particular view. Abraham Lincoln was born in a little town located within Hardin Country, Kentucky on February 12, 1809 (www.whitehouse.gov/abrahamlincoln). HeRead MoreAbraham Lincoln s Legacy Of The Man Behind The Gun With A Plan982 Words   |  4 PagesAbraham Lincoln Assassination Early morning of April 15, 1865 the United States of America stood still. It started as a normal day at the theatre, but soon a dramatic turn would change United States history forever. This paper will define President Abraham Lincoln’s life, the man behind the gun with a plan, and how the United States reacted. Abraham Lincoln was the 16th President of the United States of America, he served a single term from 1861 to 1865, but changed history significantly. Lincoln has aRead MoreA Brief Note On The American Civil War1375 Words   |  6 Pages Eastern Iowa Community College European Involvement in the Civil War Jillisa Halverson History 151 Instructor: Dan Anderson December 5, 2015 The American Civil War represents a significant period in United States history. In this essay we will explore foreign involvement in the Civil War. We will specifically look at the roles of France and Great Britain played and how they used military positioning in Canada and off the US coast to affect the war. Finally, weRead MoreAbraham Lincoln And His Impact On The World1131 Words   |  5 PagesLincoln was born February 12, 1809 in Hodgenville, Kentucky but he grew up on the western side of the United States; he was self educated and eventually became a lawyer in Illinois. He was the 16th President of the United States; he was president from March 1861 until his assassination by John Wilkes Booth in April 1865. Lincoln led the United States through its Civil War, which was the United States bloodiest war and an event often considered its greatest moral, constitutional, and political crisisRead MoreJiayun1132 Words   |  5 PagesAnn Li May 5, 2013 Social Study Research Paper Ms. Yassin Abraham Lincoln On February 12, 1809, Abraham Lincoln, the 16th president of United States came into the world in a poor family in Hardin County, Kentucky. When Lincoln was born, he was given his paternal grandfathers name. His father, Thomas Lincoln was a farmer and shoemaker with only a little amount of knowledge. However, Abrahams father gained respect of the community because he purchased his own land twice. His religious beliefsRead MoreThe American Civil War. One Of The Bloodiest And Most Fatal2014 Words   |  9 Pagesmost fatal battle in United States History, the American Civil War. The Civil war was a conflict in the nation that the people could never forget. It was a war that costed the lives of the many in the year 1861 to 1865 during the time of the nation’s 16th President, Abraham Lincoln. It was a conflict that arose between dividing states, the Northern free states and Southern slaves states which also referred to as the Union and the Confederate states. â€Å"The War Bet ween the States† is another term forRead More Eve of the civil war Essay807 Words   |  4 Pages On the eve of the Civil War, the United States was a nation divided into four quite distinct regions: the Northeast, with a growing industrial and commercial economy and an increasing density of population; the Northwest, now known as the Midwest, a rapidly expanding region of free farmers where slavery had been forever prohibited under the Northwest Ordinance; the Upper South, with a settled plantation system and (in some areas) declining economic fortunes; and the Southwest, a booming frontier-likeRead MoreEve of the Civil War826 Words   |  4 PagesOn the eve of the Civil War, the United States was a nation divided into four quite distinct regions: the Northeast, with a growing industrial and commercial economy and an increasing density of population; the Northwest, now known as the Midwest, a rapidly expanding region of free farmers where slavery had been forever prohibited under the Northwest Ordinance; the Upper South, with a settled plantation system and (in some areas) declining economic fortunes; and the Southwest, a booming frontier-like

History Of The Computer Industry In America (2416 words) Essay Example For Students

History Of The Computer Industry In America (2416 words) Essay History Of The Computer Industry In AmericaMatchmaker.com: Sign up now for a free trial. Date Smarter!HistoryOf The Computer Industry In AmericaOnly once in a lifetime will a new inventioncome about to touchevery aspect of our lives. Sucha device that changes the way we work,live, and play is a special one, indeed. A machine that has done allthis and more now exists in nearly everybusiness in the U.S. and oneout of every two households (Hall, 156). This incredible invention isthe computer. The electronic computerhas been around for over ahalf-century, but its ancestors have beenaround for 2000 years. However, only in the last 40 years hasit changed the American society. From the first wooden abacus to the latesthigh-speed microprocessor,the computer has changed nearly everyaspect of peopleOs lives for thebetter. The very earliest existence of the modern day computerOsancestor is the abacus. These dateback to almost 2000 years ago. Itis simply a wooden rack holding parallelwires on which beads arestrung. When these beads are movedalong the wire according toprogramming rules that the user mustmemorize, all ordinary arithmeticoperations can be performed (Soma, 14). The next innovation incomputers took place in 1694 when BlaisePascal invented the firstOdigital calculating machineO. It could only add numbers and they hadto be entered by turning dials. It was designed to help PascalOs fatherwho was a tax collector (Soma, 32). In the early 1800Os, a mathematics professor named CharlesBabbage designed an automatic calculationmachine. It was steam poweredand could store up to 1000 50-digit numbers. Built in to his machinewere operations that included everythinga modern general-purposecomputer would need. It was programmedbyand stored data oncardswith holes punched in them, appropriatelycalled OpunchcardsO. Hisinventions were failures for the mostpart because of the lack ofprecision machining techniques used atthe time and the lack of demandfor such a device (Soma, 46). After Babbage, people began to lose interest in computers. However, between 1850 and 1900 there weregreat advances in mathematicsand physics that began to rekindle theinterest (Osborne, 45). Many ofthese new advances involved complex calculationsand formulas that werevery time consuming for human calculation. The first major use for acomputer in the U.S. was during the 1890census. Two men, HermanHollerith and James Powers, developeda new punched-card system thatcould automatically read information oncards without human intervention(Gulliver, 82). Since the populationof the U.S. was increasing sofast, the computer was an essential toolin tabulating the totals. These advantages were noted by commercial industries and soonled to the development of improved punch-cardbusiness-machine systemsby International Business Machines (IBM),Remington-Rand, Burroughs, andother corporations. By modern standardsthe punched-card machines wereslow, typically processing from 50 to250 cards per minute, with eachcard holding up to 80 digits. Atthe time, however, punched cards werean enormous step forward; they provideda means of input, output, andmemory storage on a massive scale. For more than 50 years followingtheir first use, punched-card machinesdid the bulk of the worldsbusiness computing and a good portionof the computing work in science(Chposky, 73). By the late 1930s punched-card machine techniques had become sowell established and reliable that HowardHathaway Aiken, incollaboration with engineers at IBM, undertookconstruction of a largeautomatic digital computer based on standardIBM electromechanicalparts. Aikens machine, called theHarvard Mark I, handled 23-digitnumbers and could perform all four arithmeticoperations. Also, it hadspecial built-in programs to handle logarithmsand trigonometricfunctions. The Mark I was controlledfrom prepunched paper tape. Output was by card punch and electrictypewriter. It was slow,requiring 3 to 5 seconds for a multiplication,but it was fullyautomatic and could complete long computationswithout humanintervention (Chposky, 103). The outbreak of World War II produced a desperate need forcomputing capability, especially for themilitary. New weapons systemswere produced which needed trajectorytables and other essential data. In 1942, John P. Eckert, John W. Mauchley,and their associates at theUniversity of Pennsylvania decided tobuild a high-speed electroniccomputer to do the job. This machinebecame known as ENIAC, forElectrical Numerical Integrator And Calculator. It could multiply twonumbers at the rate of 300 products persecond, by finding the value ofeach product from a multiplication tablestored in its memory. ENIAC wasthus about 1,000 times faster than theprevious generation of computers(Dolotta, 47). ENIAC used 18,000 standard vacuum tubes, occupied 1800 squarefeet of floor space, and used about 180,000watts of electricity. Itused punched-card input and output. The ENIAC was very difficult toprogram because one had to essentiallyre-wire it to perform whatevertask he wanted the computer to do. It was, however, efficient inhandling the particular programs for whichit had been designed. ENIACis generally accepted as the first successfulhigh-speed electronicdigital computer and was used in manyapplications from 1946 to 1955(Dolotta, 50). Mathematician John von Neumann was very interested in the ENIAC. In 1945 he undertook a theoretical studyof computation thatdemonstrated that a computer could havea very simple and yet be able toexecute any kind of computation effectivelyby means of properprogrammed control without the need forany changes in hardware. VonNeumann came up with incredible ideasfor methods of building andorganizing practical, fast computers. I Have a Dream EssayMany companies, some new to the computerfield, introduced in the 1970sprogrammable minicomputers supplied withsoftware packages. Thesize-reduction trend continued with theintroduction of personalcomputers, which are programmable machinessmall enough and inexpensiveenough to be purchased and used by individuals(Rogers, 153). One of the first of such machines was introduced in January1975. Popular Electronics magazineprovided plans that would allow anyelectronics wizard to build his own small,programmable computer forabout $380 (Rose, 32). The computerwas called the OAltair 8800O. Itsprogramming involved pushing buttons andflipping switches on the frontof the box. It didnOt includea monitor or keyboard, and itsapplications were very limited (Jacobs,53). Even though, many orderscame in for it and several famous ownersof computer and softwaremanufacturing companies got their startin computing through the Altair. For example, Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak,founders of Apple Computer,built a much cheaper, yet more productiveversion of the Altair andturned their hobby into a business (Fluegelman,16). After the introduction of the Altair 8800, the personal computerindustry became a fierce battlegroundof competition. IBM had been thecomputer industry standard for well overa half-century. They heldtheir position as the standard when theyintroduced their first personalcomputer, the IBM Model 60 in 1975 (Chposky,156). However, the newlyformed Apple Computer company was releasingits own personal computer,the Apple II (The Apple I was the firstcomputer designed by Jobs andWozniak in WozniakOs garage, whichwas not produced on a wide scale). Software was needed to run the computersas well. Microsoft developed aDisk Operating System (MS-DOS) for theIBM computer while Appledeveloped its own software system (Rose,37). Because Microsoft had nowset the software standard for IBMs, everysoftware manufacturer had tomake their software compatible with MicrosoftOs. This would lead tohuge profits for Microsoft (Cringley,163). The main goal of the computer manufacturers was to make thecomputer as affordable as possible whileincreasing speed, reliability,and capacity. Nearly every computermanufacturer accomplished this andcomputers popped up everywhere. Computers were in businesses keepingtrack of inventories. Computerswere in colleges aiding students inresearch. Computers were in laboratoriesmaking complex calculations athigh speeds for scientists and physicists. The computer had made itsmark everywhere in society and built upa huge industry (Cringley, 174). The future is promising for the computer industry and itstechnology. The speed of processorsis expected to double every yearand a half in the coming years. As manufacturing techniques are furtherperfected the prices of computer systemsare expected to steadily fall. However, since the microprocessor technologywill be increasing, itOshigher costs will offset the drop in priceof older processors. In otherwords, the price of a new computer willstay about the same from year toyear, but technology will steadily increase(Zachary, 42)Since the end of World War II, the computer industry has grownfrom a standing start into one of thebiggest and most profitableindustries in the United States. It now comprises thousands ofcompanies, making everything from multi-milliondollar high-speedsupercomputers to printout paper and floppydisks. It employs millionsof people and generates tens of billionsof dollars in sales each year(Malone, 192). Surely, the computerhas impacted every aspect ofpeopleOs lives. It has affectedthe way people work and play. It hasmade everyoneOs life easier bydoing difficult work for people. Thecomputer truly is one of the most incredibleinventions in history. Works CitedChposky, James. Blue Magic. New York:Facts on File Publishing. 1988. Cringley, Robert X. Accidental Empires. Reading, MA: Addison WesleyPublishing, 1992. Dolotta, T.A. Data Processing: 1940-1985. New York: John Wiley Sons,1985. Fluegelman, Andrew. OA NewWorldO, MacWorld. San Jose, Ca: MacWorldPublishing, February, 1984 (Premire Issue). Hall, Peter. Silicon Landscapes. Boston: Allen Irwin, 1985Gulliver, David. Silicon Valey andBeyond. Berkeley, Ca: Berkeley AreaGovernment Press, 1981. Hazewindus, Nico. The U.S. MicroelectronicsIndustry. New York:Pergamon Press, 1988. Jacobs, Christopher W. OThe Altair8800O, Popular Electronics. NewYork: Popular Electronics Publishing,January 1975. Malone, Michael S. The Big Scare:The U.S. Coputer Industry. GardenCity, NY: Doubleday Co., 1985. Osborne, Adam. Hypergrowth. Berkeley, Ca: Idthekkethan PublishingCompany, 1984. Rogers, Everett M. Silicon ValeyFever. New York: Basic Books, Inc. Publishing, 1984. Rose, Frank. West of Eden. New York: Viking Publishing, 1989. Shallis, Michael. The Silicon Idol. New York: Shocken Books, 1984. Soma, John T. The History of theComputer. Toronto: Lexington Books,1976. Zachary, William. OThe Futureof ComputingO, Byte. Boston: BytePublishing, August 1994.

Nstp community service free essay sample

My Community Service Experience During my community service project in our subject national service training program , I learned and experienced many new things, such as working with a diverse group of people, sensitivity, and how fortunate I am. Our group decided to work on a project about planting trees , and at the same time teaching the children . So we named or project plant for a purpose , teach for a cause , during the project launching in Dalahican , purok 7 I enjoy that day . At first I think it will be boring , but Im wrong as we go around the place , we are inviting every citizen of that particular place , they didnt hesitate to go with us and listen to our project . And in that day I realize how lucky I am , during the launching their is a raffle draw for the parents and I see in their face how thankful they are in winning a 2kl of rice or a noodles , and I also see the children when we were giving a toys they pulling each other just to assure they get some toys . We will write a custom essay sample on Nstp community service or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page And in that moment i told my self your a very lucky person when i was a kid i didnt experience fight over a toys because i get what i want. After the project launching we start our program , we start looking for the children that will spend their time on learning new things , and a place where we going to plant after that every saturday we are their in Dalahican for our project . Every saturday were happy teaching the children , and sometimes or should I say most of the time were not prepared on what will going to teach to them. In that case Ive learned that we should be prepared so we didnt waste so much time. After several weeks were all excited in the graduation of the children , and the closing program . And when we got arrive in Dalahican one of our student gave us a letter , saying thank you for the time and the knowledge we share to them , and that simple letter makes us touch all the hard work , the suffer in waking early in the morning just to attend in CWTS class is very worth it. During the program the children makes us happy because they prepare a special presentation , a dance number . Until the graduation of the children is done and we need to say goodbye to them . But I know it is not the ending maybe someday one of them will meet me in the future, because the world is too small . Their are many lesson that Ive learned during the community service , like having a patient in the children because they are every naughty , being with the people who at first i didnt know their attitude but when time passed by we are sharing already the story of our life . And I also learned the true meaning of community service it is voluntary work intended to help people in a particular area , it is a unpaid work . And I also learned in some experienced that I only do in the community service. And I very thankful of this subject CWTS because we are obligate to join in community service . And thats the reason why i learned a lot. Thank you

The Great Gatsby Essay Sample

The Great Gatsby Essay SampleThe Great Gatsby Essay Sample will make a nice gift for anyone who loves that novel by F. Scott Fitzgerald. Of course this particular sample can be used for any time when someone needs to re-read a favorite novel.In case you're interested in having a reprint of The Great Gatsby, there are plenty of places that can get you one. You can often get one for the price of two books.What is nice about the Great Gatsby Essay Sample is that it is a genuine paper pulp. The original was hand-written on the back of a notepad from the author's typewriter, and this was published in The New Yorker. There are no newsprint dust jackets or color-coated papers; this is a crisp, black-and-white, almost looking like an old-fashioned newspaper, if you catch my drift.Another nice feature of the Great Gatsby Essay Sample is that it is made by well-known printer, Maestro, Inc. This company is noted for making some of the highest quality art books, such as Magazines, Bookmarks, Art Books, Etc. Some of their famous printers include Vanity Fair Press, Victor Books, MasterPrints, Singer, Magazine Ink, Hawthorn Press, Morgan Stanley, and Bookmark Press.Another great aspect of this Essay Sample is that it comes in a plain black cover. It also has the name of the author's name printed at the top of the page. So this means that anyone who is going to use this article for study purposes will not have to worry about forgetting the name of the author.Another great thing about this Great Gatsby Essay Sample isthat it can be photocopied in the back of the book. When the time comes for the recipient to redo the essay, he or she will just copy it from the original document and then scan it into his or her computer.One last thing that I really like about this Great Gatsby Essay Sample is that it is not much more than a complete reprint. If you really want to give someone a book, this is the perfect way to do it. It will be a great gift, but it won't be anything special.The Great Gatsby Essay Sample will make a nice gift for anyone who loves the story. This way anyone who receives it will be able to read the book in its entirety without having to worry about how it has been changed.

Halloween and Dia de Los Muertos celebrations

Origin Halloween was celebrated by the Celtic inhabitants to mark the beginning of the New Year celebrations. Pope Gregory IV marked November 1 as All Saints Day (Ankerberg, Weldon Burroughs 10). The Druids were the priests, and the educated class of the Celtic group.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Halloween and Dia de Los Muertos celebrations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Halloween was first celebrated by the ancient Druids who originated from India. The Celtic group inhabited northern France, the United Kingdom, and Ireland. Ankerberg, Weldon Burroughs note that the Halloween has borrowed practices of â€Å"more folk customs the world round than will ever be sorted out† (9). Dia de Los Muertos is considered as the Day of the Dead. It was celebrated by the Toltecs, Mayans, and Aztecs for many centuries before it was incorporated into the Catholic church beliefs. The Catholics recognized saints, and t hose who died in their childhood they considered as â€Å"little saints† (Untiedt 148). The dates for Halloween and Dia de Los Muertos coincide. According to Untiedt, â€Å"All Souls Day, or as it is known in Mexico and the American west, El Dia de Los Muertos† is celebrated formally on November 2. Symbols of Celebration The Dia de Los Muertos celebrations are similar to the Celtic beliefs that the spirits of the dead are roaming around the villages during such times. Those who walked at night had to wear masks to trick the ghosts. People lit fire to scare away ghosts (Untiedt 147). The Celtic groups believed that the God of the dead was converting evil souls to animals or incarnating souls that were considered good. This happened at the beginning of the year, which was in November according to their religious belief (Ankerberg, Weldon Burroughs 10). Role of the celebrations Halloween is considered a holiday of â€Å"rebellion, reversal, and resistance† as pres ented by Maclain (73). Initially, it was considered a time of feasting, courtship rituals, and themed costumes in the 18th and 19th centuries (Maclain 71).Advertising Looking for essay on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Halloween celebrations were later followed by acts of violence by the young adults in the U.S.A. until it was reinvented by the aged. Halloween was at first celebrated only by adults but currently these are children and young people who celebrate the holday most of all. In the traditional setting, the Celtic group believed in appeasing the God of Hades. This made them sacrifice humans until it was banned by the Romans in 61 A.D. (Belk para. 4). According to Belk, â€Å" after the feast, the ghosts were led out of town by costumed villagers† (para. 5). The people laid more emphasis on treating and tricking ghosts or the devil. In modern practice, children trick adults for gifts. This fol lows the example of the Irish drunkard who is believed to have tricked the Devil for an alcoholic drink, and climbed an apple tree. Most cultures emphasize the need to overcome the fear of the dead through Halloween and Dia de Los Muertos celebrations. Perceived as Japan’s biggest Halloween parade taken four days ago This image above represents an illustration of the wya Halloween can be celebrated across different nations. In the given picture it is Japan. The costumes are used to gull ghosts; the costumes are stylish and expensive. The crowd of people is huge meaning that those who died happily celebrate their presence on earth Works Cited Ankerberg, John, John Weldon and Dillon Burroughs. The Facts on Halloween, Oregon: Harvest House Publishers, 2008. E-book.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Halloween and Dia de Los Muertos celebrations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Belk, Russell. â€Å"Halloween: an Evolving American Consumption Ritual†, Advances in Consumer Research Vol. 17 (1990): 508-517. Web. http://www.acrwebsite.org/search/view-conference-proceedings.aspx?Id=7058 Maclain, Adrienne. Playing on the Edge: Performance, Youth Culture, and the United State,. Ann Arbor: ProQuest Information and Learning Company, 2006. E-book. Untiedt, Kenneth. Death Lore: Texas Rituals, Superstitions, and Legends of the Hereafter, Denton: University of North Texas Press, 2008. E-book. This essay on Halloween and Dia de Los Muertos celebrations was written and submitted by user Hercules to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

FDRs new deal essays

FDRs new deal essays When President took office in March of 1932 he had an idea of a plan, which would have to develop over time, which was the New Deal for the American People. He believed that if this plan went through, it would solve the problem of the Great Depression and restore the American economy. President Roosevelts New Deal that took time to develop included programs that would help the unemployed get jobs, social security issues such as welfare, and housing and agricultural recovery. Roosevelt also included programs to help the banking system. President Roosevelts New Deal failed to restore the economy as Roosevelt had hoped it would, but in turn it helped the people that suffered the most from the Great Depression by giving the hope and confidence they needed. President Roosevelt was by far the most active president we have had, even though little progress was made. His first accomplishment when he took office was restoring the confidence people had lost in the banking system. He did not solve the problems of the banking system, but he did come up with the Emergency Banking Relief Act of 1933. This act gave power to the government to control some of the banking systems and also allowed them to re-open financially secure banks. The Glass-Stbagall Banking Reform Act, which forbade banks to invest customers money into the stock market. President Roosevelt also tried to better the economy by causing inflation. Inflation would cause an increase in prices and businesses would make more profit and the economy would boom. The new production caused an increase in the need of workers, thus causing the unemployment rate to decrease. One way the New Deal was able to give jobs to the jobless was via the Civilian Conservation Corps. This program gave jobs to civilians between the ages of eighteen and twenty-five; they were planting trees, building dams, and stopping the erosion of the soil. ...

Operating Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Operating Systems - Essay Example Windows 10 Unix/Linux (Linux Kernel 4.1) MacOS (El Capitan) Scalability Windows 8 has the best scalability compared to the tow other version. It supports several hardware and components (1/3) A great number of hardware does not support it and this affects its scalability. This has greatly affected its application in some operating environments (3/3) Although it is an improvement of earlier versions, its scalability still falls below Windows (2/3) Ease of Use Out of the three operating systems, Windows 10 is the easiest to use (1/3) It is Complicated and many people may find it hard to use (3/ 3) The inclusion of several new features compromises its ease of use (2/3) Reliability Although improvements have been made in this version, it cannot match the reliability of Linux and MacOS (1/3) Linux is a kernel which can run for months and years without the need to reboot (2/3) It only run in Apple computers and is therefore prone to software and hardware crashing. (3/ 3)

Earthquakes in the media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Earthquakes in the media - Essay Example A good example of induced susceptibility to earthquake due to plates moving past each other is the San Andreas Fault in California (Hough 25- 27). Earthquakes are fast and unexpected motions of the earth’s surface and are a result of seismic forces. These forces emerge from specifit points and their immediate effects are experienced at the epicenter. Such forces also occurs in oceans, in which case they result in tsunamis. Earthquakes have adverse effects on the environment that extent to effects on human beings and their activities. Its physical destruction of structures and buildings, for example, may leads to crumbles over people and other property and therefore lead to physical injury, deaths, or even morbidity. In addition, earthquakes may destroy property and therefore create economic loss. Effects of physical injuries and associated emotional instability may also transfer the negative effects on economic activities and economic potentials. consequently, an understanding of trends in occurrence for forecasting risk of earthquakes and communication thereof is necessary for well being. Earthquake Early warning System (EEWS) is one of the tools for ensuring the well being. It ensures development of information on possible risk occurrence of earthquakes and communication of the information at the right time. the tool serves two primary roles, one of which is offering a strategy for mitigating disaster. Its key role is however to minimize associated perils with occurrence of earthquake and to facilitate proper response. The scope of EEWS involve development of information on risk of occurrence of earthquakes, assessment of the data, forecasting using the data, and communication of the predictions for coordinated response. These occurs in a sequence and an inefficiency at one stage compromises the entire system. When

The Relationship between Reason and Experience Essay Example for Free

The Relationship between Reason and Experience Essay The various man-made creations, the formation of different school of thoughts and literature that reflects the varieties of human experiences and the different ideas that govern man’s way of living attest man’s love of wisdom. Man as the highest form of animal is an authentic specie that never stops learning, innovating, creating, and seeking ways to gain more choices in giving his life more meaning. As he continually desire to seek answers in his questions towards his existence, there is a continuous enhancement of man’s intellect. Reviewing the history and looking around the contemporary world itself will ascertain man’s development towards intellect. But how do knowledge and rationality develop that resulted to man’s creation of many things? People establish knowledge and rationality in different ways. Human beings basically hate uncertainty or skepticism. But skepticism as it resulted to ambiguity and doubt motivates man to seek for answers in fulfilling his wonder. The use of observation from experiences or senses is one of the most important resources in acquiring knowledge. People can easily believe the idea that mind apprehends truths through the medium of the senses for the reason that people really learned from experience. However, is there something as absolute knowledge by which human beings accumulate truths without having to experience it? This paper will attest that human beings’ innate reasoning and experience are inextricably linked in the acquisition and manipulation of knowledge. Experience that is associated with empiricism and innate reasoning associated with rationalism are interrelated. Over the years, the source and extent of knowledge has been strongly debated in the world of philosophy. Rationalism and empiricism are the two rival schools of thoughts that gave accounts on the theories of knowledge. Basically the debate between empiricists and rationalists was whether or not knowledge is acquired from the senses or experiences. Empiricism holds the â€Å"attitude that beliefs are to be accepted and acted upon only if they first have been confirmed by actual experience† (â€Å"Empiricism†). Empiricism emphasizes the role of experience as it gives evidences in the formation of ideas. Just like in science, hypothesis and theories must be tested through observation and experiments to be sure of its factuality. However some reality or knowledge on empiricism in the context of experimental reasoning is not always credible. All can be subject to revision. â€Å"As far as possible, empiricism also try to avoid any reference to abstract entities and to restrict themselves to what is sometimes called a nominalistic language, i. e. , one not containing such references† (Carnap 1997). Empiricism apparently believes that â€Å"innate knowledge is unobservable and inefficacious; that is, it does not do anything†. A particular knowledge only works and becomes more meaningful if one experiences it. For example, how would you know or imagine the richness of color present in a rainbow if you were born blind? Or how can we possibly get the idea of a perfect circle and a perfect square without seeing it? We can possibly describe it in words and description but its full meaning will never be realized without experience. The only way to have a complete idea of a rainbow or on any object is to experience it with the use of senses. â€Å"Aristotle was one of the scientists who believe in the concept of empiricism; he felt that it is imperative that we trust our senses, for what else have we to trust? † (Purvis) Rationalism on the other hand holds the idea that â€Å"reason is the chief source and test of knowledge and that reality itself has an inherently logical structure† (â€Å"Rationalism†). Moreover, rationalists believe that there are truths in this world that are beyond the reach of sense perception that can only be explained by reason and logic. Mathematical truths for example (e. g. 0+1=1) are said to be absolutely true or a statement â€Å"A nun is a female† or â€Å"A priest is a male†. These truths according to rationalists were acquired prior to experience. They will remain true whether an individual experience it or not. But in creating these mathematical truths are they not already acquired through experience? In favor of empiricism, â€Å"mathematics is a good way of showing how both rationalism and empiricism are both important components of knowledge† (Purvis 2008). The creation of numbers is not innate or they are not things on themselves. They are manmade creations that we use â€Å"to more conveniently operate and organize our empirical perceptions† (Purvis 2008) Rationalists also hold the concept that humans’ sense of morality with the presence of conscience and guilt and man’s logic are innate. But we can not rationally prove the rightness and wrongness of morality or logic without empirical evidence. The idea that there is indeed a morality will never be realized without understanding its consequences from experiences. Man was encouraged to create morality for the purpose of making his existence more meaningful. With no raw data from experience then there should be no participation in full metaphysics. Given that there is an innate sense of reasoning, but that will only be fully revealed and realized through experience. Reason and experience for me, are both reliable source of knowledge. The senses and the mind are both necessary in acquiring knowledge and truth. So the argument should arise in proving the relationship of reason and experience. Experience can sometimes be a less reliable source of knowledge or reality since at any moment new experience may disapprove the old. However we can not be completely dependent upon reasoning to gain knowledge since people naturally need experience to test the truths of logical arguments. We can not imagine a life without experience. The fact the people react or reason means people respond in their environment and their present experience or situation. Our ability to perceive is an experience in itself. The innate existence of logic and rationality I believed will come into a complete understanding and will transform into life with the use of experience. However there are also things that can never be understood or considered an absolute truth without experiencing it. Some people in order to accept truth backed up it with concrete proofs from past or future experience. Work Cited Page: Empiricism. Encyclop? dia Britannica. 2009. Encyclop? dia Britannica Online. 15 Feb. 2009 http://www. britannica. com/EBchecked/topic/186146/Empiricism. Rationalism. Encyclop? dia Britannica. 2009. Encyclop? dia Britannica Online. 15 Feb. 2009 http://www. britannica. com/EBchecked/topic/492034/rationalism. Carnap, Rudolf. â€Å"Empiricism, Semantics and Onthology†. Revue Internationale de Philosophie. Retrived 15 February, 2009. from http://www. ditext. com/carnap/carnap. html Yount, David J. Empiricism V. Rationalism online. Retrieved 15 February 2009 from http://www. mc. maricopa. edu/~yount/text/empm-v-ratm. html Purvis, Dustin. Rationalism Vs. Empiricism. SocyBerty online. 2008, April 17. Retrieved 15 February, 2009 From http://www. socyberty. com/Philosophy/Rationalism-Vs-Empiricism. 110492/1

Legislation of Civil Rights in the 1960’s :: Racism, Civil Rights, Discrimination

The issue of civil disobedience is as old as Socrates and as modern as Nelson Mandella. It is such an important issue today because the civil rights revolution is an attempt to seek new tactics of social and political reform. At the time of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, it was described as the most significant piece of legislation to be passed by the U.S. Congress in the twentieth century. The legislation resulted in ending virtually overnight legal racial segregation of black Americans in the American South. This territory was a place where public segregation of blacks from white Americans had been categorized in state laws. Many of those who participated in the congressional enactment of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 understood the enormous historical significance of the doctrine. History In 1619 in Jamestown, Virginia a Dutch ship sailed into the harbor with twenty African slaves. These slaves were brought from Africa used to profit the southern United States. They provided a cheap and reliable source of labor. The America north was more of an industrial area and the use of slaves was less useful. Throughout the 1800’s the north and the south drifted apart on the issue. On January 1, 1863, President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation which freed all slaves in the states that seceded from the Union. After the Civil war, three amendments to the Constitution were made, the 13th, 14th and 15th. These amendments abolished slavery, gave blacks the right to life, liberty and property, and the right to vote. In the Supreme Court case of Plessy v. Ferguson the court ruled blacks separate but equal. This continued racism spurred early civil rights movements and the creation of the new organization of the National Association for the Advancement o f Colored people(NAACP). In the years that followed around 1962-1963, the south was the site of confrontations between black demonstrators and segregationist whites. The Civil Rights Act to the Supreme Court Many feel that Martin Luther King Jr. used nonviolent demonstrations to deliberately provoke attacks from violence prone white southern officials and white mobs. Whether or not King used this strategy his efforts resulted in the mass media coverage he needed. The civil rights movement became one of the largest publicized events in U.

Berkshire Hathaway Phenomenon In the Context of Modern Finance Theory Essay

Berkshire Hathaway Phenomenon In the Context of Modern Finance Theory Septtember 2013 Berkshire Hathaway Phenomenon In the Context of Modern Finance Theory Introduction Over the 46 years ending December 2012, Warren Buffett (Berkshire Hathaway) has achieved a compound, after-tax, rate of return in excess of 20% p.a. Such consistent, long term, out performance might be viewed as incompatible with modern finance theory. This essay discusses the Berkshire Hathaway phenomenon in the context of modern finance theory. Part 1 Modern Portfolio Theory Berkshire Hathaway’s investing strategies mainly differ with modern portfolio theory on two aspects. The first one is the attitude towards the undesirable thing in investment. And the second one is the perspective of diversification. As Harry Markowitz pointed out in Portfolio Selection, one of the assumptions is (Markowitz, 1952)â€Å"the investor does (or should) consider expected return as a desirable thing and variance of return an undesirable thing†. However, in Warren Buffet’s point of view, (Roberg G, 2005) the only undesirable thing should be the possibility of harm. He emphasizes on conducting fundamental analysis to work out a company’s future profits, so as to determine the intrinsic value instead of monitoring the stock prices. This is because in the long term, the investment outcome is mainly harmed by misjudging the business value, including misjudging of inflation rate and  interest rate etc. As such, risk is defined differently between Mr Buffett and Modern Portfolio Theory; one is defined by possibility of misjudging the  intrinsic value of business, the other being simplified to variance of expected returns. If we consider risk as a probability statement, then maybe Mr B uffett’s definition is closer to the original meaning. Also, the assumption of maximising one-period expected utility is not what Buffet focuses on in his investment strategies. (Roberg G, 2005)In this case, Justin Industries, which was acquired by Berkshire Hathaway in 2000, can serve as a good example. During the five years prior to the acquisition, stock price of Justin Industries dropped by 37 percent, which should result in a huge variance of expected return. But Mr Buffett saw it as a perfect opportunity to purchase a well-managed traditional business with over 100 years of history. He offered a 23 percent premium over stock price at the time, and the stock price shot up by 22% on the day of announcement. It is also stated by Markowitz that, (Markowitz, 1952)â€Å"a rule of behaviour which does not imply the superiority of diversification must be rejected both as a hypothesis and as a maxim†. On the contrary, Mr Buffett has his famous quote, (Roberg G, 2005)â€Å"diversification serves as a protection against ignorance. If you want to make sure that nothing bad happens to you relative to the market, you should own everything. There is nothing wrong with that. It’s a perfectly sound approach for somebody who doesn’t know how to analyse business†. One can always argue that Berkshire Hathaway does not operate in only one industry, and they tend to invest in more industries in recent years. But as the business grows in volume, it is reasonable to be involved in new industries when there are few sound investment opportunities in the industries they already operate in, let alone that the technology industry was rarely in the list of holdings of Berkshire Hathaway, not even when Apple’s stock was soaring. The reason being, (Roberg G, 2005)â€Å"investment success is not about how much you know but how realistically you define what you don’t know†. Chart 1 (Martin & Puthenpurackal, 2007) Distribution of Berkshire Hathaway Investments by Industry The chart above shows distribution of Berkshire Hathaway’s investments by industry and firm size during the time frame 1976-2006. Judging by the size and number of investments, it can be concluded that a large amount of wealth was placed in manufacturing industry during the 30 years in study, although for diversification purpose, more weight could have been placed in the industry of agriculture, forestry and fishing, construction or retail trade. Having compared the differences, it is still worth noting that Markowitz did not rule out fundamental analysis in portfolio selection process, as is said in his foregoing paper,(Markowitz, 1952)â€Å"the process of selecting a portfolio may be divided into two stages. The first stage starts with observation and experience and ends with beliefs about the future performances of available securities. The second stage starts with relevant beliefs about future performances and ends with the choice of portfolio. This paper is concerned with the second stage†. Part 2 Efficient Market Hypothesis The strong form of efficient market hypothesis states that all information, no matter public or private, instantaneously affects current stock price. Semi-strong form is only concerned with public information, while the weak form suggests that current stock price reflects information in the previous prices. In short, they simply imply that in the long run, no one should be able to beat the market in terms of investment return. As is said in Fama’s paper in 1970, (Eugene F, 1970)â€Å"the evidence in support of the efficient markets model is extensive, and (somewhat uniquely in economics) contradictory evidence is sparse†. However, Warren Buffet has always criticised efficient market hypothesis as much as he could. The major  reason is that, as a fundamental analysis advocate, (Roberg G, 2005)he thinks analysing all available information make an analyst at advantage. He once said, (Banchuenvijit, 2006)†investing in a market where people believe in efficiency is like playing bridge with someone who has been told it does not do any good to look at the cards.† Also in his speech at Columbia University in 1984, he mentioned, â€Å"ships will sail around the world but the Flat Earth Society will flourish. There will continue to be wide discrepancies between price and value in the marketplace, and those who read their Graham & Dodd will continue to prosper.† (Roberg G, 2005)To illustrate, we can take Berkshire Hathaway’s acquisition of Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corp. in 2009 for example. At the time, shares of Burlington Northern had dropped 13 percent in 12 months. Also, the market was soft during GFC, so the possibility of competitive bids was low according to Tony Russo, a partner at Gardner Russo & Gardner, which holds Berkshire shares. If efficient market hypothesis does stand, the market would rebound quickly when GFC took place, and such opportunity of relatively low-priced acquisition would not exist. Even if it exists, other investor should anticipate quick upward adjustment of price and participate in bidding when they find out about this opportunity. However, this does not prove that fundamental analysis is superior, because intrinsic value is not yet clear defined, and how does Mr Buffet calculate the intrinsic value is still a mystery. Part 3 Capital Asset Pricing Model When examining assumptions of Capital Asset Pricing Model, it is obvious that Mr Buffett is at odds with almost every one of them. Firstly, the model assumes that all investors are Markowitz efficient, but as mentioned earlier, Mr Buffett does not treat variance of expected return as an absolute drawback, so the second rule that Markowitz Efficiency must follow does not stand. Secondly, the model is backed by the assumption that investors have  homogeneous expectations and equal access to opportunities, which suggests that everyone is supposed to have the same view of future profit stream. However, as a recent paper pointed out, (Frazzini, et al., 2013)Mr Buffett’s return is largely due to his selection of stocks. If everyone has the same view with Mr Buffett and the same access to the investment opportunities, then if not everyone, a large number of people should be as rich as Mr Buffett, when the reality is the opposite. So Mr Buffett would not agree with this assumption either. The third assumption is that capital markets are in equilibrium, which is practically what only efficient markets can achieve, which, as discussed above, is not in line with Mr Buffett’s view point. The final one, which is that Capital Asset Pricing Model only works within one period time horizon, is apparently against Mr Buffett’s long-term holding strategy. Apart from model assumptions, one of the strongest contradictions between Mr Buffett’s view point and Capital Asset Pricing Model is that the model is for short-term predicting purpose, which would clearly be categorised into (Roberg G, 2005)â€Å"speculation† instead of â€Å"investment† by Mr Buffett. In addition, â€Å"market portfolio† is not of practical use, compared with Mr Buffett’s way of only analysing businesses he is familiar with, because the market portfolio we use cannot truly represent the entire market. Part 4 Multi-factor Pricing Models Unlike Capital Asset Pricing Model, which has only one factor, in Multi-factor Pricing Models, such as Arbitrage Pricing Theory and Fama-French three-factor model, the rate of return is linked to several factors. As diversification is still suggested by the model, the same divergence on diversification exists with Mr Buffet’s strategies and Multi-factor Pricing Models. Moreover, differences also lie in the fact that multi-factor models usually take in some macroeconomic factors, which investors should not consider according to Mr Buffett, (Roberg G, 2005)the rationale being that if a single stock price cannot be predicted, the overall economic condition would be more difficult to predict. Despite the differences, some micro factors included in the multi-factor model, such as P/E ratio and book-to-market ratio, can also be used to conduct fundamental analysis to determine the intrinsic value and possibility of growth of a business. As such, the ideas of which factors to take into account can coincide within the two different approaches. Chart 2(Martin & Puthenpurackal, 2007) Factor Regressions of Berkshire Hathaway and Mimicking Portfolios In a paper by Gerald S. Martin and John Puthenpurackal, they conduct a regression analysis using Fama-French three-factor and Carhart four-factor models on monthly returns of Berkshire Hathaway and mimicking portfolios. (Martin & Puthenpurackal, 2007)The adjusted excess returns turn out to be significant with p-values < 0.024; the excess market return and high-minus-low book-to-market factors are again significant with p-values < 0.01. However, small-minus-big and prior 2-12 month return momentum factors are not significantly explanatory factors. As such, preliminary conclusion can be reached that book-to-value highminus-low can be a common factor in both multi-factor models and Mr Buffett’s fundamental analysis. In addition, the factors of firm size and momentum are not likely to be considered by Mr Buffett. Also, both Berkshire’s and mimicking portfolio’s returns outperform the multi-factor models in study. (Bowen & Rajgopal, 2009)But as is pointed out in another thesis, the superior performance is attributed to the earlier years and they observe no significant alpha during the recent decade. Part 5 Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model According to Berkshire Hathaway’s letter to shareholders in 2008,(Buffett, 2008)their put contracts reported a mark-to-market loss of $5.1 billion, and this led to Mr Buffett’s â€Å"criticism† towards the Black-Scholes formula as is claimed by the media. However, the loss was in fact caused by inclusion of volatility in the formula when volatility becomes irrelevant as the duration before maturity lengthens. As Mr Buffett said in the letter,(Buffett, 2008)if the formula is applied to extended time periods, it can produce absurd results. In fairness, Black and Scholes almost certainly understood this point well. But their devoted followers may be ignoring whatever caveats the two men attached when they first unveiled the formula. As such, Mr Buffett’s comment on Black-Scholes formula is more of self-criticism than the other way around. This is reflected in his earlier comment on performance in the letter,(Buffett, 2008)†I believe each contract we own was mispriced at inception, sometimes dramatically so. I both initiated these positions and monitor them, a set of responsibilities consistent with my belief that the CEO of any large financial organization must be the Chief Risk Officer as well. If we lose money on our derivatives, it will be my fault.† We can understand why Mr Buffett gave this â€Å"fair† comment about the formulae when referring to the Black-Scholes paper,(Black & Scholes, 1973)†if the expiration date of the option is very far in the future, then the price of the bond that pays the exercise price on the maturity date will be very low, and the value of the option will be approximately equal to the price of the stock. â€Å" Mr Buffett also commented that (Buffett, 2008)†The Black-Scholes formula has approached the status of holy writ in finance, and we use it when valuing our equity put options for financial statements purposes. Key inputs to the calculation include a contract’s maturity and strike price, as well as the analyst’s expectations for volatility, interest rates and dividends† and that â€Å"even so, we will continue to use  Black-Scholes when we are estimating our financial-statement liability for long-term equity puts. The formula represents conventional wisdom and any substitute that I might offer would engender extreme scepticism†. Despite Mr Buffett’s confession, a scholar studied the letter and reached a different conclusion why the loss was made:(Cornell, 2009)He first ruled out risk-free rate, inflation rate and drift and focused on volatility, which is consistent with where Mr Buffett thought he made a mistake. The lognormal diffusion assumption, which implies that volatility increases linearly with respect to the horizon over which it is measured, was discussed at length with controversial evidence. As such, its misuse is not a strong explanation regarding the absurd results. He then found out in the letter that Mr Buffett believed that inflationary policies of governments and central banks will limit future declines in nominal stock prices compared with those predicted by a historically estimated lognormal distribution. If Mr Buffet is right, then the Black-Scholes model will indeed significantly overvalue long-dated put options, to which a possible solution is making the left-hand tail truncated to reduce the value of long-dated put options. Summary Throughout this essay, we have discussed the common views and divergences between Mr Buffett’s investment strategies and Modern Finance Theories. Now we summarize the main points as follows: Common views Divergences Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model Modern Portfolio Theory Efficient Market Hypothesis Capital Asset Pricing Model Multi-factor Models Chart 3 Common Views and Divergences between Modern Finance Theory and Mr Buffett’s Strategies Modern Finance Theories Modern Portfolio Theory Divergences with Warren Buffet 1. Risk Defined as Volatility 2. Short Investment Horizon 3. Diversification Efficient Market Hypothesis Capital Asset Pricing Model Reliability of Fundamental Analysis 1. Markowitz Efficient Investors 2. Homogeneous Expectation and Equal Access to Opportunities 3. Markets in Equilibrium 4. Short Investment Horizon 5. Predicting Function Leads to Speculation 6. Impractical â€Å"Market Portfolio† 7. Diversification Multi-factor Models 1. Macro Factors 2. Diversification Chart 4 Detailed Divergences between Modern Finance Theory and Mr Buffett’s Strategies Bibliography Banchuenvijit, W., 2006. Investment Philosophy of Warren E. Buffet, Bankok: The University of Thai Chamber ofCommerce. Black, F. & Scholes, M., 1973. The Pricing of Options and Corporate Liabilities. The Journal of Political Economy, 81(3), pp. 637-654. Bowen, R. M. & Rajgopal, S., 2009. Do Powerful Investors Influence Accounting, Governance and Investing Decisions?, Washington D.C.: University of Washington. Buffett, W. E., 2008. Letter to Shareholders, Omaha: Berkshire Hathaway, Inc.. Cornell, B., 2009. Warren Buffet, Black-Scholes and the Valuation of Long-dated Options, Pasadena: California Institute of Technology. Davis, J., 1991. Lessons from Omaha: an Analysis of the Investment Methods and Business Philosophy of Warren Buffett, Cambridge: Cambridge University. Eugene F, F., 1970. Efficient Capital Markets: A Review of THeory and Empirical Work. The Journal of Finance, 25(2), pp. 383-417. Eugene F, F. & Kenneth R, F., 1992. The Cross-Section of Expected Stock Return. The Journal of Finance, XLVII(2). Markowitz, H., 1952. Portfolio Selection. The Journal of Finance, VII(1), pp. 77-91. Martin, G. S. & Puthenpurackal, J., 2007. Imitation is the Sincerest Form of Flattery: Warren Buffett and Berkshire Hathaway, Reno: University of Nevada. Roberg G, H., 2005. The Warren Buffet Way. 2 ed. Hoboken: John Wiley& Sons, Inc.. William F, S., 1964. Capital Asset Prices: A Theory of Market Equilibrium under Conditions of Risk. The Journal of Finance, 19(3), pp. 425-442.

Compare And Contrast Hester And Dimmesdale - 1771 Words

French poet Jean De La Fontaine once said, â€Å"Nothing weighs on us so heavily as a secret does.† Set in the harsh Puritan community of seventeenth-century Boston, Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter is a tale of a woman named Hester Prynne who is involved in an affair scandal. As a result she is punished by the relentless society and is ordered to bear a scarlet â€Å"A† on her bosom for the remainder of her life which stands for adulterer. However, the mystery as to who the father is of her newborn baby, Pearl would remain a mystery for seven years. One of the town’s most renowned figures, their beloved minister Arthur Dimmesdale proves to be a true exhibit of Mr. Fontaine’s saying since he is the illicit lover of Hester and is Pearl’s†¦show more content†¦Hester’s scarlet letter is a piece of clothing, the â€Å"SCARLET LETTER, so fantastically embroidered and illuminated upon her bosom† (Hawthorn 51). Her int erpretation of the extremity of her sins is one of self composure and calm. She views her sins solely as a violation in the natural order of the environment and therefore cannot even perceive her sin as being evil except through outside influence. Dimmesdale on the other hand, has a scarlet letter carved in his chest. This is revealed when Dimmesdale was giving his revelation, in which â€Å"he tore away the ministerial band from before his breast. It was revealed!† (Hawthorn 232). Dimmesdale s personal interpretation as to the extremity of his own sins is a violation of God s law, which is the law that he is totally dedicated to and supported by. Dimmesdale s interpretation of his sin is much more severe than Hester s, it is a violation and direct contradiction of his own self consciousness and physical existence. Therefore the appearance of his A, even though it is never directly described in the novel, must be powerful, broken, and brutally dishonest (...a ghastly rapture; Hawthorne pg.95). Since the Scarlet Letter on Hester is visible to the public, she was criticized and looked down on. â€Å"This women has brought shame upon us all, and ought to die† (Hawthorn 49) is said by a female in the marketplace talking about Hester. She becomes a stronger person through living this hard life.Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Scarlet Letter 746 Words   |  3 PagesChapter 8: What is the purpose of Hester and Mistress Hibben’s interactions? What does it say about Hester? Chapter 9: What two contrasting images does the town hold about Chillingworth? How were they brought about? Chapter 10: From the context of the chapter, what can readers infer is on Dimmesdale’s chest? Chapter 11: In what ways, can the reader infer, does Dimmesdale incorporate his suffering into his sermons? 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Avoiding subjugation to the conservative Puritans Society rule, the reverend feigned obliviousness all the while Hester, the person he committed adultery with, fearlessly bared her shame upon her bosom. The society held Dimmesdale to a higher standard; as a result, their influences hindered his ability to take responsibility for his actions. TheRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Scarlet Letter 1917 Words   |  8 Pagesmay be unfamiliar to him. He possesses some of the qualities of another fictional character, written about over two centuries before him. Hester Prynne is marked by her scarlet letter, giving people a preconceived notion about who she is, similar to Harry’s iconic scar. She also puts others before herself, including those who had betrayed her trust (Dimmesdale), similar to Harry saving his enemy Draco from being engulfed in flame in the seventh installment of the series. These acts of selflessnessRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1397 Words   |  6 Pagesthe consequences are not as extreme as the puritans; the acceptance might as well be equivalent when looking through the eyes of our society. The work of the three literary critics display a precise interpretation of the characters Chillingworth, Dimmesdale, and Prynne as they are individually and how they are in unique peculiar with everyone around them. Literary critic Evans Smith wrote â€Å"Refiguring Revelations† a literary criticism of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter. Evans Smith began hisRead MoreSimilarities and Differences Between Anne Hutchinson and Hester Prynne1607 Words   |  7 Pagesand Hester Prynne While many people may feel that Anne Hutchinson has nothing in common with Hester Pyrnne they actually more alike than most people would think. Nathaniel Hawthorne, author of â€Å"The Scarlet Letter,† used many references to Anne Hutchinson in his book. During his life, he wrote a sketch of Hutchinson thus portraying his interest towards her and the characteristics of her life. It could be accurate to say that Anne Hutchinson was used as a guide to make the character of Hester PrynneRead MoreHistory Notes3525 Words   |  15 Pagesis higher level reading, but I urge you to do as much as you can with the novel independently – push yourself. The reading becomes easier as you adapt to Hawthorne’s language and style. Chapter 1 1.Hawthorne establishes a contrast between the darkness of the Puritans and the beauty of the rose. Examine the descriptions of the Puritans, the prison, and the prison door. What does Hawthorne imply about the nature of human beings by his emphasis on the early establishment of